The Wedding Chamber: A Mystery of Transformation and Union
The Gospel of Philip opens a profound mystery when it states:
“Animals do not have a wedding chamber, nor do slaves or defiled women. The wedding chamber is for free men and virgins.” (Gospel of Philip, 59)
This declaration is not to be taken in a literal or biological sense, but in a spiritual, moral, and eschatological one. The wedding chamber, in Valentinian and related Christian traditions, represents the ultimate union between the saved person and the divine — a transformative event marking the passage from the realm of decay and ignorance to incorruptibility and knowledge.
The Nature of Those Outside the Chamber
The exclusion of animals, slaves, and defiled women is deeply symbolic. In Gospel of Philip 119.22ff., Adam is said to have "begotten beasts," indicating a lower state of being, unformed and irrational, unable to partake in the higher mystery. In 126.25ff., it is said that one might become an animal — a stark warning that degeneration is possible. Further, 129.7-8 refers to “beasts which bear the form of men,” underscoring that even those who look human may lack the inner qualities required for entry into the spiritual wedding.
Slavery, in this context, is equated with ignorance and moral bondage. “Ignorance is slavery, knowledge is freedom” (Gospel of Philip 132.10). This idea is echoed in multiple passages, such as 100.2, which contrasts a slave and a son; 102.29ff., which describes the transfer from bondage to sonship; and 133.24ff., where wickedness is contrasted with righteousness. Slaves are those who have not yet come into the knowledge of the truth (1 Timothy 2:4), still dominated by the “elementary principles of the world.”
As for defiled women, these symbolize apostasy or corruption. In the allegorical framework, they may represent those who once possessed gnosis — saving knowledge — but have fallen away. These are not literal women, but persons whose inward selves have been corrupted by ignorance, passion, or worldly desire. The wedding chamber is thus not for the unclean, but for those who are pure — spiritually virginal.
Transformation and Entry into the Chamber
The Excerpts of Theodotus illuminate what must happen for a person to enter the wedding chamber. In section 27, we read:
“The priest on entering within the second veil... entered himself in silence with the Name engraved upon his heart, indicating the laying aside of the body which has become pure... the soul, stripped by the power of him who has knowledge... passes into the spiritual realm and becomes now truly rational and high priestly...”
This describes the soul’s shedding of its lower identity, its formation through purification, and its entrance into a new mode of existence. It is not merely that the soul is saved; it becomes Logos-like, transformed to the likeness of the Bridegroom. The person no longer relates to God through intermediaries (such as Scripture or angels) but directly — “face to face.”
This is echoed in Excerpts of Theodotus 64:
“The spiritual elements having put off their souls, together with the Mother who leads the bridegroom, also lead bridegrooms, their angels, and pass into the bride chamber within the Limit and attain to the vision of the Father…”
Here, the spirituals are portrayed as bridegrooms themselves, entering into divine union beyond the cosmic veil, reaching the Pleroma, the realm of fullness. The imagery is deeply relational and communal — marriages of the syzygies, or paired beings, expressing the fullness and restoration of creation.
In section 65, the “best man” stands joyfully at the threshold of this mystery:
“The ‘master’ of the feast... rejoices greatly. This is ‘the fullness of his joy’ and his repose.”
Participation in the wedding chamber is the culmination of joy — pleroma realized in the person.
From Abortions to Sons of the Bridegroom
Earlier, Theodotus describes our condition before formation:
“As long as we were children of the female only... we were children of the woman, but when we have received form from the Saviour, we have become children of a husband and a bride chamber.” (Excerpts, 68)
The initial state is one of formlessness — “abortions,” to use the brutal image of Valentinian language. Yet once the Saviour gives form — once gnosis and spiritual structure are granted — the person becomes a son of the bridegroom. Section 79 continues:
“As long as the seed is yet unformed, it is the offspring of the female, but when it was formed, it was changed to a man and becomes a son of the bridegroom... having been made masculine, it becomes a male fruit.”
The feminine here represents the earthly, the unstructured, the incomplete. Masculinity symbolizes formation, completion, power — not in a gendered sense, but as spiritual maturity. The bride is virginal because she is undefiled by the world; the son is masculine because he is formed by the Logos.
The Fulfillment in Revelation
This mystical union is finally celebrated in Revelation 19:6-9:
“‘Let us be glad and rejoice and give Him glory, for the marriage of the Lamb has come, and His wife has made herself ready.’... ‘Blessed are those who are called to the marriage supper of the Lamb.’”
Here is the eschatological wedding chamber — the final union of Christ and his perfected community. The wife is clothed in fine linen, “the righteous acts of the saints.” These are the “free men” and “virgins” of Gospel of Philip, those who overcame the world, who matured in Christ, and who left behind the lusts of the world to be clothed in immortality.
As Gospel of Philip 59 says:
“It is for free men... and virgins [the ‘overcomers’ who have matured in Christ enough to have been ‘given white robes’... and are ‘unspotted from the world’].”
The wedding chamber is not a place in space, but a transformation of being — the culmination of purity, knowledge, and love. Those who are invited are not merely saved but transfigured — no longer brides only, but become one with the Logos, bearing the Name, crowned in joy, joined to the Bridegroom forever.
The Wedding Chamber
Animals do not have a wedding chamber, nor do slaves or defiled women. The wedding chamber is for free men and virgins.
27 The priest on entering within the second veil removed the plate at the altar of incense, and entered himself in silence with the Name engraved upon his heart, indicating the laying aside of the body which has become pure like the golden plate and bright through purification. . . the putting away as it were of the soul's body on which was stamped the lustre of piety, by which he was recognized by the Principalities and Powers as, having put on the Name. Now he discards this body, the plate which had become light, within the second veil, that is, in the rational sphere the second complete veil of the universe, at the altar of incense, that is, with the angels who are the ministers of prayers carried aloft. Now the soul, stripped by the power of him who has knowledge, as if it had become a body of the power, passes into the spiritual realm and becomes now truly rational and high priestly, so that it might now be animated, so to speak, directly by the Logos, just as the archangels became the high-priests of the angels, and the First-Created the high- priests of the archangels. But where is there a right judgment of Scripture and doctrine for that soul which has become pure, and where is it granted to see God “face to face”? Thus, having transcended the angelic teaching and the Name taught in Scripture, it comes to the knowledge and comprehension of the facts. It is no longer a bride but has become a Logos and rests with the bridegroom together with the First-Called and First- Created, who are friends by love, sons by instruction and obedience, and brothers by community of origin. So that it belonged to the dispensation to wear the plate and to continue the pursuit of knowledge, but the work of power was that man becomes the bearer of God, being controlled directly by the Lord and becoming, as it were, his body.
64 Henceforth the spiritual elements having put off their souls, together with the Mother who leads the bridegroom, also lead bridegrooms, their angels, and pass into the bride chamber within the Limit and attain to the vision of the Father, – having become intellectual Aeons, – in the intellectual and eternal marriages of the Syzyge.
65 And the “master” of the feast, who is the “best man” of the marriage, “and friend of the bridegroom, standing before the bride chamber and hearing the voice of the bridegroom, rejoices greatly.” This is “the fullness of his joy” and his repos
68 For as long as we were children of the female only, as if of a base intercourse, incomplete and infants and senseless and weak and without form, brought forth like abortions, we were children of the woman, but when we have received form from the Saviour, we have become children of a husband and a bride chamber.e.
79 So long, then, they say, as the seed is yet unformed, it is the offspring of the female, but when it was formed, it was changed to a man and becomes a son of the bridegroom. It is no longer weak and subject to the cosmic forces, both visible and invisible, but having been made masculine, it becomes a male fruit.
but 119. 22ff. (if the restoration is correct)
speaks of Adam begetting beasts, 126. 25ff. envisages the possibility of becoming an animal and thus cut off from the world above, and 129. 7-8 speaks of 'beasts which bear the form of men.' For 'slaves' c£ 100. 2 with its contrast of slave and son, 102. 29ff., 127. 14ff. According to 132. 10£, 'Ignorance is slavery, knowledge is freedom.' C£ also 120. r7ff., 125. 15ff., 133. 24ff., in all of which slavery, ignorance, sin and wickedness are contrasted with freedom and with knowledge.
An allegorical interpretation here would therefore seem fully justified; but Grant suggests no equivalent for the women.
Since in the Valentinian theory the 'spirituals' are destined to become the brides of the angels, these 'defiled women' are possibly to be understood as apostates, those who have on
A bridal chamber is not for the animals [faithless and unreasoning ones], nor is it for the slaves [those with faith but have not been set-apart i.e. they are still slaves to sin in the world], nor for defiled women [those who have been set apart but have not yet gotten mastery over their flesh]; but it is for free men [those who have “Christ in them” and holy spirit anointing who “coming to the accurate knowledge of truth” have left the “beggarly things of the world and the lusts thereof behind”] and virgins [the “overcomers” who have matured in Christ enough to have been “given white robes” and are “unspotted from the world”]. (Philip 59)