Prophetic Visions in the Gospel of Thomas: A Timeline of Church History and Its Transformation
Introduction
The Gospel of Thomas opens with a striking statement:
"These are the secret sayings that the living Jesus spoke and Didymos Judas Thomas recorded.
(1) And he said, 'Whoever discovers the interpretation of these sayings will not taste death.'"
This introduction emphasizes that Jesus' words are living sayings—sayings that impart enduring wisdom and truth. In the Coptic text, most sayings begin with "Jesus said," while in the Greek version, they are written in the present tense, "Jesus says," reinforcing the idea that Jesus continues to speak through his words.
Many of these sayings contain prophetic elements, outlining the coming Kingdom, the fate of the righteous and the wicked, and the course of history leading to the age to come.
Seeking and the Future Kingdom
Right from the beginning, Saying 2 presents a prophecy of the Kingdom and beyond:
(2) Jesus says: "Let him who seeks continue seeking until he finds. And when he finds, he will be dismayed. And when he is dismayed, he will be astonished. And he will rule over the all. And after having reigned, he shall rest."
This reveals a future timeline:
The disciples must seek and find the Kingdom.
When they understand it, they will be astonished.
They will rule over all things—but this reign is yet to come.
After their rule, they will rest.
This parallels 1 Corinthians 15:24, which states that Christ will hand over the Kingdom to the Father at the end of the Messianic reign, initiating the ages of ages.
The Fall of Jerusalem and the New Age
The Gospel of Thomas provides insight into the events surrounding 70 CE and beyond:
(9) Jesus said, "Now the sower went out, took a handful (of seeds), and scattered them... Some fell on the road... Others fell on rock... Others fell on thorns... And others fell on the good soil and produced good fruit: it bore sixty per measure and a hundred and twenty per measure."
This describes the spreading of the gospel message, which encountered opposition and acceptance.
(10) Jesus said, "I have cast fire upon the world, and see, I am guarding it until it blazes."
This fire represents both judgment and purification. In Saying 82, Jesus identifies himself as both fire and the Kingdom.
(11) Jesus said, "This heaven will pass away, and the one above it will pass away."
Heaven here represents political rule. The heaven of the Jewish system passed in 70 CE, but another heaven—the Gentile age—will also pass.
(16) Jesus said, "Men think, perhaps, that I have come to cast peace upon the world. They do not know that I have come to cast conflicts upon the earth: fire, sword, war."
This aligns with Jesus' words in Matthew 10:34, emphasizing the division his message would bring.
The Corruption of the Church
As time progressed, corruption entered the faith:
(20) The disciples said, "Tell us what the Kingdom of Heaven is like."
He said, "It is like a mustard seed, the smallest of all seeds. But when it falls on tilled soil, it produces a great plant and becomes a shelter for birds of the sky."
While some interpret this positively, the birds can represent false influences, as seen in Daniel 4:20-22, where birds symbolize the nations that seek refuge in worldly power. This suggests the Roman church's rise, where political alliances overshadowed the purity of the gospel.
(39) Jesus said, "The Pharisees and the scribes have taken the keys of Knowledge and hidden them."
Here, the Pharisees represent all false religious leaders who obscure the true gospel.
(40) Jesus said, "A grapevine has been planted outside of the Father, but being unsound, it will be pulled up by its roots and destroyed."
This grapevine is false Christianity, flourishing outside God's wisdom. The true vine is Christ (John 15:5), but apostate churches spread teachings not rooted in the Father.
(57) Jesus said, "The Kingdom of the Father is like a man who had [good] seed. His enemy came by night and sowed weeds among the good seed..."
The enemy represents the doctrine of the Pharisees and the Roman church. Night refers to the times of the Gentiles, during which false Christianity dominated. The harvest represents the end of the age when the tares (false believers) are separated from the wheat (the righteous).
The Apostasy and the Loss of Truth
Eventually, truth was buried:
(96) Jesus said, "The Kingdom of the Father is like a certain woman. She took a little leaven, [concealed] it in some dough, and made it into large loaves."
This symbolizes corruption within the faith, a prophecy of apostasy.
(97) Jesus said, "The Kingdom of the [Father] is like a woman carrying a jar full of meal. While she was walking, the handle of the jar broke, and the meal emptied out behind her... When she reached her house, she set the jar down and found it empty."
The woman represents the Church. The meal is the gospel, lost over time due to negligence.
The Reformation and the Final Judgment
With the rise of the printed Bible, truth re-emerged:
(109) Jesus said, "The Kingdom is like a man who had a [hidden] treasure in his field without knowing it..."
This describes the rediscovery of biblical truth.
Yet, false teachings persist:
(102) Jesus says: "Cursed are they, the Pharisees, because they are like a dog which has lain in the cattle manger, but will neither eat nor allow the oxen to eat it."
Modern religious authorities, like the ancient Pharisees, hinder access to truth.
A final judgment will come:
(98) Jesus said, "The Kingdom of the Father is like a certain man who wanted to kill a powerful man. He drew his sword, struck the wall, and then slew the powerful man."
The powerful man represents the kingdom of men, which will be overthrown by Christ’s return.
The End of the Age
The final transformation of the world is described:
(111) Jesus said, "The heavens and the earth will be rolled up in your presence. And one who lives from the Living One will not see death."
This refers to the transition from the present order to the age to come.
(113) His disciples said, "When will the Kingdom come?"
Jesus said, "It will not come by waiting for it... Rather, the Kingdom of the Father is to be spread out upon the earth, but men do not see it."
The Kingdom is already working in the world, yet its full realization awaits the future.
Conclusion
The Gospel of Thomas presents a prophetic timeline:
The Kingdom was proclaimed.
Apostasy and corruption overtook the faith.
The truth was rediscovered.
A final judgment will bring an end to the present age.
The righteous will rule and ultimately rest.
Thus, Jesus’ sayings not only reveal deep spiritual truths but also foretell the course of history leading to the coming ages of ages..
These are the secret sayings that the living Jesus spoke and Didymos Judas Thomas recorded. 1. And he said, "Whoever discovers the interpretation of these sayings will not taste death."
In all the Sayings in the GTh they mostly start with “Jesus said” that is in the Coptic. However, in the Greek the quotation formulas are given in the present tense “Jesus says” so this means that Jesus lives through his sayings or that the words that Jesus speaks are living saying the sayings that bring everlasting life and to understand his sayings you will not experience death.
At the very start of the gospel of Thomas in saying 2 we are give a prophecy of the Kingdom age and beyond
(2) 1 Jesus says: "Let him who seeks continue seeking until he finds. 2 And when he finds, he will be dismayed. 3 And when he is dismayed, he will be astonished. 4 And he will rule over the all. And after having reign he shall rest"
We are told to seek and find, in Thomas we are told that we should seek the kingdom of God when we find it (enter into it) we shall reign and after having reigned, we shall rest
This is a commentary on the time table of the second coming and future kingdom. The disciples have sought and found but their rule and their rest will only appear in the future. at the present time the disciples can obtain rest when they can rid themselves of their burdens the time at which the disciples will rule over the all has not yet come
There is also a greater rest after the ruling over the all. The disciples will rule over the all. And after having reign he shall rest" we shall rest when Jesus hands over the Kingdom to the Father 1Cor 15:24 This saying takes us to the end of the 1000 years rule of Christ on earth and this is the start of the ages of ages
if we look a the saying in the Gospel of Thomas as a sequence we can see a chronological of church history
1. Sayings 9 to 11 are is particularly appropriate to the early days of the church, when the message was being circulated far and wide. This ends with 70 AD which is the start of the new heaven
9) Jesus said, "Now the sower went out, took a handful (of seeds), and scattered them. Some fell on the road; the birds came and gathered them up. Others fell on the rock, did not take root in the soil, and did not produce ears. And others fell on thorns; they choked the seed(s) and worms ate them. And others fell on the good soil and produced good fruit: it bore sixty per measure and a hundred and twenty per measure."
10) Jesus said, "I have cast fire upon the world, and see, I am guarding it until it blazes."
In Saying 82 Jesus is identified as both fire and kingdom so here when he throws fire upon the world we should understand that he has come to reveal the knowledge of the Kingdom upon the world.
However in saying 16 Jesus does not bring peace upon the world but fire, war and the sword.
11) Jesus said, "This heaven will pass away, and the one above it will pass away. The dead are not alive, and the living will not die. In the days when you consumed what is dead, you made it what is alive. When you come to dwell in the light, what will you do? On the day when you were one you became two. But when you become two, what will you do?"
we should understand heaven as political not literal
In the days when you consumed what is dead you made it what is alive
In sayings 10 11 and 16 Jesus is speaking about the trouble in his day, which would lead to the fall of Jerusalem in 70 CE, which is symbolised by the passing away of heaven, we are living in the heaven of the Gospel age right now this is also called the times of the gentiles but it to will pass away. Thus, it is also a prophecy of our own time in which we live the end times.
2. But almost immediately came another age when to the pure gospel of the kingdom there were added many false un-scriptural notions-these are the Weeds.
20) The disciples said to Jesus, "Tell us what the Kingdom of Heaven is like." He said to them, "It is like a mustard seed, the smallest of all seeds. But when it falls on tilled soil, it produces a great plant and becomes a shelter for birds of the sky."
An essential element in the parable is the growth from seed to tree. This is not the way in which the kingdom of God will come about. Its advent will be sudden; if not instantaneous, at least bewilderingly
3. As time went on the Roman church became more and more powerful and materialistic, so that many political forces deemed alliance with the church well worth seeking. This is the mustard tree with the birds of the air in its branches.
39) Jesus said, "The Pharisees and the scribes have taken the keys of Knowledge and hidden them. They themselves have not entered, nor have they allowed to enter those who wish to. You, however, be as wise as serpents and as innocent as doves."
The Pharisees here are a symbol of all false Church leaders of orthodox Christianity the churches have lost and hidden them by saying people go to heaven but no one goes to heaven only Jesus.
The keys of knowledge are the one true faith and hope of Abraham the promises made to him so we must have the faith of Abraham for those who are of faith are blessed with believing Abraham Gal 3:9 who is the father of us all saying 105 cp. Rom 4:11,12,16. Now his faith and ours is this that the gentiles shall be blessed in him and this promises was made to him before the law and his seed who is the Christ
40) Jesus said, "A grapevine has been planted outside of the Father, but being unsound, it will be pulled up by its roots and destroyed."
57) Jesus said, "The Kingdom of the Father is like a man who had [good] seed. His enemy came by night and sowed weeds among the good seed. The man did not allow them to pull up the weeds; he said to them, 'I am afraid that you will go intending to pull up the weeds and pull up the wheat along with them.' For on the day of the harvest the weeds will be plainly visible, and they will be pulled up and burned."
“His enemy came by night and sowed weeds among the good seed.” The enemy signifies the doctrine of the Pharisees
The “night” signifies: the times of the Gentiles At John 9:4 Jesus spoke of “the night . . . coming when no man can work. Paul also uses the figure in reference to the second coming (#Ro 13:12), where "night" seems to refer to the present age and "day" to the age to come.
“For on the day of the harvest the weeds will be plainly visible, and they will be pulled up and burned." Harvest signifies “the end of the age” thus at the end of the age he would send his reapers; namely, the resurrected believers, his angels, or messenger of destruction, to "gather out of his field" all the tare-like ones and cast them into the place of the Lord, "whose fire is in Zion, and his furnace in Jerusalem" (Isaiah 31:9). Where there should be wailing, and gnashing of teeth. When this should be accomplished the present age would be finished, and the new commonwealth of Israel will begin "for He whose right it is to reign has come." (Ezekiel 21:25-27). "Then shall the righteous shine forth as the sun in the kingdom of their Father.
The enemy in saying 57 planted the grapevine but Nothing can exist outside of the Father. The enemy, the Pharisees, the Roman Church is in league with the authorities of the nations, who everywhere stealthily neutralised the teaching of Christ, spreading false doctrines, and scattering wide their supporters, who drew away the people, and multiplied their own number greatly by the energy of their operations and the popularity of their influence.
The father planted the Lord Jesus as the true vine. “I am the vine, ye are the branches.” “Every branch in me that beareth not fruit he taketh away”—a fruitless branch, a useless thing.
Here the Lord is speaking of religious institutions of his own day, although we certainly have our own version in modern times. Anytime religion and state are combined, the result is an oppressive environment that places a stranglehold upon the activity of the spirit of truth. In this Saying Jesus is speaking about what happen in 70 CE when the old covenant was up rooted and the rebellious Jews who rebelled against the new covenant and their King. And it is also still to come to the priest and clergymen of the dogmatic Christian churches who have rebelled against true worship and in time past they have even kill true believers
But what orthodox churches of Christianity called the truth was planted outside of the father’s wises in the days of the apostles and Paul also tells us that wolfs will come in and destroy the truth and this gave birth to the man of lawlessness
This grapevine cannot bear fruit (everlasting life) and those in it are already dead not knowing the knowledge of the truth that brings everlasting life.
4. Ultimately the Dark Ages set in. Truth was completely buried. “The whole was leavened.”
96) Jesus [said], "The Kingdom of the Father is like a certain woman. She took a little leaven, [concealed] it in some dough, and made it into large loaves. Let him who has ears hear."
this prophecy is to foretell the unavoidable spread of corruption through the church “until the whole was leavened”. Far from seeing the gospel conquer the world, the Lord expected the world to conquer the gospel
This is a prophecy of the apostasy
97) Jesus said, "The Kingdom of the [Father] is like a certain woman who was carrying a jar full of meal. While she was walking [on] a road, still some distance from home, the handle of the jar broke and the meal emptied out behind her on the road. She did not realize it; she had noticed no accident. When she reached her house, she set the jar down and found it empty."
The woman is the church and this is a prophecy of the church losing the gospel
5. With the sudden availability of printed Bibles in the 16th century a dramatic change took place. Men discovered Truth for themselves like treasure hid in a field, not because they were looking for it, but simply because they now had access to the Bible..
Saying 109
109) Jesus said, "The Kingdom is like a man who had a [hidden] treasure in his field without knowing it. And [after] he died, he left it to his son. The son did not know (about the treasure). He inherited the field and sold [it]. And the one who bought it went plowing and found the treasure. He began to lend money at interest to whomever he wished."
6. However, since the Reformation sectarianism has multiply. Today there are churches in abundance. All of them have some truth to offer. But there is one which surpasses all others. This pearl of great price is so manifestly superior that a man is glad to let go all the rest for the sake of this one. This is the position today.
76) Jesus said, "The kingdom of the Father is like a merchant who had a consignment of merchandise and who discovered a pearl. That merchant was clever. He sold the merchandise and bought the pearl alone for himself. You too, seek his unfailing and enduring treasure where no moth comes near to devour and no worm destroys."
102) [102]. Jesus says: "Cursed are they, the Pharisees, because they are like a dog which has lain in the cattle manger, but will neither eat <the food there> nor allow the oxen to eat it."
[today, the Churches that spread the wrong message to gain power and profit for themselves like most Churches that call themselves 'Catholic', 'Christian' or 'Evangelic', Mormons],
[They will spiritually starve, because instead of drinking from Jesus Christ's mouth, they spread lies either because they have their own agenda or they simply just don't see the truth and don't let their 'believers' drink from Jesus Christ's words either]."
7. Before very long the Lord’s sword of judgement will have its fulfilment when the powerful man is killed.
98) Jesus said, "The Kingdom of the Father is like a certain man who wanted to kill a powerful man. In his own house he drew his sword and stuck it into the wall in order to find out whether his hand could carry through. Then he slew the powerful man."
the certain man is the multitudinous body of Christ that will kill the powerful man. the powerful man is the kingdom of men
8) And He said, "The Kingdom is like a wise fisherman who cast His net into the sea and drew it up from the sea full of small fish. Among them the wise fisherman found a fine large fish. He threw all the small fish back into the sea and chose the large fish without difficulty. Whoever has ears to hear, let him hear."
Like the fisherman we need to be exclusively devoted to Jesus and his message
73 Jesus says: "The harvest is great but the labourers are few. Pray the Lord to send labourers for the harvest
8. After the sword of judgement the heavens and the earth will be rolled up in the presence of the disciples this is the end of the age
111) Jesus said, "The heavens and the earth will be rolled up in your presence. And one who lives from the Living One will not see death." Does not Jesus say, "Whoever finds himself is superior to the world?"
113) His disciples said to Him, "When will the Kingdom come?" <Jesus said,> "It will not come by waiting for it. It will not be a matter of saying 'Here it is' or 'There it is.' Rather, the Kingdom of the Father is to be spread out upon the earth, but men will not accept it."
At the end of the age when the heavens and the earth will be rolled up in the presence of the disciples the Kingdom of the Father is to be spread out upon the earth but men will not accept it. this part reminds me of psalm 2
Historical sequence
The complete set of parables in Matthew 13 is worth considering once again, this time as a sequence. Is it just accident that they appear to have special relevance to the changing fortunes of the gospel over the centuries? Their ready conformity to a chronological sequence is certainly impressive.
1. The parable of the Sower is specially appropriate to the early days of the church, when the message was being disseminated far and wide.
2. But almost immediately came another era when to the pure gospel of the kingdom there were added many false unbiblical notions-the Tares.
3. As time went on the church became more and more powerful and materialistic, so that many political forces deemed alliance with the church well worth seeking. This is the mustard tree with the birds of the air in its branches.
4. Ultimately the Dark Ages set in. Truth was completely obscured. “The whole was leavened.”
5. With the sudden availability of printed Bibles in the 16th century a dramatic change took place. Men discovered Truth for themselves like treasure hid in a field, not because they were looking for it, but simply because they now had access to the Bible.
6. However, since the Reformation sectarianism has proliferated. Today there are churches galore. All of them have some truth to offer. But there is one which surpasses all others. This pearl of great price is so manifestly superior that a man is glad to let go all the rest for the sake of this one. This is the position today.
7. Before very long the Lord’s drag-net of judgment will have its fulfilment when the catch will be found to include a mystical number of great fishes (Jn. 21:11).