**The Real Historical Jesus: The Witness of the Quran**
The earliest followers of Jesus, known historically as the Ebionites, were Jewish-Christians who held firmly to the oneness of God, rejected the idea that Jesus was divine, and preserved his identity as the promised Messiah, prophet, and servant of God. They believed in his miraculous birth and his role as the anointed one, but denied that he was begotten by God in the sense taught later by Gentile Christianity. When we compare their testimony with the witness of the Quran, we find a remarkable harmony. Both stand against the later Trinitarian doctrines, calling people back to the worship of the one God who “neither begets nor is begotten” (Surah 112:3-4).
Muslims, like the Ebionites, disagree with orthodox Christianity for the same fundamental reason we do—because God has declared, *“I am God, and there is no other.”* The Trinity, according to the Quran, is an invention, an excess in religion, introducing partners with God who were unknown to the prophets and their forefathers. In this way, the Quran echoes the ancient Jewish-Christian rejection of the idea that Jesus is one of three co-equal divine persons.
Muhammad’s message presents Christ as the greatest of the prophets, the Word of God, the Spirit from God, the Power of God—born of a perpetual virgin by the breath of God. Yet, like the Ebionites, the Quran never teaches that Jesus was divine. It restores him to his place as servant and messenger.
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**The Virgin Birth by the Will of God**
The Ebionites accepted the miraculous birth of Jesus but explained it as an act of God’s creative power, not the begetting of a divine Son. The Quran records the same truth:
Surah 3:47:
*She said: “My Lord, how can I have a child when no man has touched me?” He said: “Thus God creates what He wills; when He decrees a matter, He only says to it, ‘Be,’ and it is.”*
Surah 19:20-21:
*She said: “How can I have a son when no man has touched me, and I have not been unchaste?” He said: “So it will be; your Lord says, ‘It is easy for Me, and We will make him a sign for the people and a mercy from Us. It is a matter decreed.’”*
Surah 19:35:
*It is not for God to take a child. Glory be to Him! When He decrees a matter, He only says to it, ‘Be,’ and it is.*
Like the Jewish-Christians before them, Muslims affirm that the virgin birth was an act of God’s will, without any suggestion of literal divine fatherhood.
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**Jesus as Messenger, Word, and Spirit from God**
Surah 4:171:
*O People of the Scripture, do not go to excess in your religion or say about God anything but the truth. The Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, was only a messenger of God, and His Word which He cast to Mary, and a spirit from Him. So believe in God and His messengers, and do not say ‘Three’; desist—it is better for you. God is only One God. Glory be to Him—that He should have a son! To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. God is sufficient as a disposer of affairs.*
This agrees perfectly with the Ebionite belief that Jesus was the promised prophet, anointed with God’s Spirit, speaking God’s word—not God Himself.
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**Denials of Divinity and the Trinity**
Surah 5:72:
*They have certainly disbelieved who say, “God is the Messiah, son of Mary,” while the Messiah said, “O Children of Israel, worship God, my Lord and your Lord.” Indeed, whoever associates partners with God—God has forbidden him Paradise, and his refuge is the Fire.*
Surah 5:73-77:
*They have certainly disbelieved who say, “God is the third of three.” There is no god except one God… Say, “O People of the Scripture, do not go to extremes in your religion beyond the truth, and do not follow the inclinations of a people who went astray before.”*
Surah 112:3-4:
*He neither begets nor is begotten. And there is none comparable to Him.*
Surah 19:88-90:
*And they say, “The Most Merciful has taken a son.” You have done an atrocious thing. The heavens almost rupture therefrom and the earth splits open and the mountains collapse in devastation.*
The Ebionites would have fully agreed with these statements, for they likewise condemned the deification of Christ as idolatry.
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**Jesus Among the Prophets**
Surah 2:253:
*Those messengers—We have exalted some above others. Among them was he to whom God spoke, and He raised some of them in rank. And We gave Jesus, the son of Mary, clear proofs, and We strengthened him with the Holy Spirit.*
Surah 5:46:
*And We sent, following in their footsteps, Jesus, the son of Mary, confirming what came before him in the Torah; and We gave him the Gospel, in which was guidance and light and confirming what preceded it of the Torah, as guidance and instruction for the righteous.*
Surah 4:159:
*And there is none from the People of the Scripture but that he will surely believe in him before his death. And on the Day of Resurrection he will be against them a witness.*
The early Jewish-Christians saw Jesus in this way: a prophet greater than the rest, but still a man chosen by God.
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**Warnings Against Idolatry and False Partners**
Surah 18:4-5:
*And to warn those who say, “God has taken a son.” They have no knowledge of it, nor did their forefathers. Grave is the word that comes out of their mouths; they speak nothing but a lie.*
Surah 22:30-31:
*So avoid the filth of idols, and avoid false speech—being upright to God, not associating anything with Him.*
Surah 18:50:
*Will you then take him and his descendants as allies other than Me, while they are enemies to you? Wretched is it for the wrongdoers as an exchange.*
Surah 18:52:
*And \[mention] the Day when He will say, “Call My partners whom you claimed,” and they will invoke them, but they will not respond to them. And We will make between them a barrier.*
Surah 40:84:
*And when they saw Our punishment, they said, “We believe in God alone and disbelieve in that which we used to associate with Him.”*
These rebukes of idolatry mirror the Ebionite charge that later Christians had replaced the worship of the one true God with worship of a man.
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**Further Denials of the Divinity of Jesus**
Surah 5:17:
*They have certainly disbelieved who say that God is the Messiah, the son of Mary. Say, “Then who could prevent God at all if He had intended to destroy the Messiah, son of Mary, or his mother, or everyone on the earth?”*
Surah 5:116:
*And \[beware the Day] when God will say, “O Jesus, son of Mary, did you say to the people, ‘Take me and my mother as deities besides God?’” He will say, “Exalted are You! It was not for me to say that to which I have no right…”*
Surah 19:35:
*It is not for God to take a child. Glory be to Him! When He decrees a matter, He only says to it, “Be,” and it is.*
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The witness of the Quran and the testimony of the Ebionites converge: Jesus is the Messiah, born of a virgin by the will of God, empowered by the Spirit, and sent to Israel as a prophet and messenger. But he is not God, not the Son in a literal sense, and not part of any triune deity. Both call for the restoration of the worship of the one God of Israel—alone, without partners.
**The Real Historical Jesus: The Witness of the Quran**
Muslims who disagree with orthodox Christianity do so for the same reason we do, and for good reason—in the just judgments of God. The Quran recalls the words of God: *“I am God, and there is no other.”* The Trinity is subject to unreserved condemnation in the Quran, where Muhammad teaches that these so-called three gods are partners with God—partners unknown to the prophets and their forefathers—and that such claims are blasphemous. The Trinitarians, in the place of worshipping the true God, worship what they have imagined.
Muhammad teaches that Christ is the greatest of the prophets, the Word of God, the Spirit of God, the Power of God, the very breath from God, and the Word born of a perpetual virgin by the breath of God or by the breath of the Holy Spirit. Yet, the Quran also makes plain that Jesus is not God, nor the literal son of God, but God’s servant and messenger.
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**The Virgin Birth by the Will of God**
Surah 3:47:
*She said: “My Lord, how can I have a child when no man has touched me?” He said: “Thus God creates what He wills; when He decrees a matter, He only says to it, ‘Be,’ and it is.”*
Surah 19:20-21:
*She said: “How can I have a son when no man has touched me, and I have not been unchaste?” He said: “So it will be; your Lord says, ‘It is easy for Me, and We will make him a sign for the people and a mercy from Us. It is a matter decreed.’”*
Surah 19:35:
*It is not for God to take a child. Glory be to Him! When He decrees a matter, He only says to it, ‘Be,’ and it is.*
These verses affirm the virgin birth by divine command, but not begetting in the sense understood by Christians.
---
**Jesus as Messenger, Word, and Spirit from God**
Surah 4:171:
*O People of the Scripture, do not go to excess in your religion or say about God anything but the truth. The Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, was only a messenger of God, and His Word which He cast to Mary, and a spirit from Him. So believe in God and His messengers, and do not say ‘Three’; desist—it is better for you. God is only One God. Glory be to Him—that He should have a son! To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. God is sufficient as a disposer of affairs.*
---
**Denials of Divinity and the Trinity**
Surah 5:72:
*They have certainly disbelieved who say, “God is the Messiah, son of Mary,” while the Messiah said, “O Children of Israel, worship God, my Lord and your Lord.” Indeed, whoever associates partners with God—God has forbidden him Paradise, and his refuge is the Fire.*
Surah 5:73-77:
*They have certainly disbelieved who say, “God is the third of three.” There is no god except one God… Say, “Do you worship besides God that which can neither harm you nor benefit you? God is the Hearing, the Knowing. Say, ‘O People of the Scripture, do not go to extremes in your religion beyond the truth, and do not follow the inclinations of a people who went astray before.’”*
Surah 112:3-4:
*He neither begets nor is begotten. And there is none comparable to Him.*
Surah 19:88-90:
*And they say, “The Most Merciful has taken a son.” You have done an atrocious thing. The heavens almost rupture therefrom and the earth splits open and the mountains collapse in devastation.*
---
**Jesus Among the Prophets**
Surah 2:253:
*Those messengers—We have exalted some above others. Among them was he to whom God spoke, and He raised some of them in rank. And We gave Jesus, the son of Mary, clear proofs, and We strengthened him with the Holy Spirit.*
Surah 5:46:
*And We sent, following in their footsteps, Jesus, the son of Mary, confirming what came before him in the Torah; and We gave him the Gospel, in which was guidance and light and confirming what preceded it of the Torah, as guidance and instruction for the righteous.*
Surah 4:159:
*And there is none from the People of the Scripture but that he will surely believe in him before his death. And on the Day of Resurrection he will be against them a witness.*
---
**Warnings Against Idolatry and False Partners**
Surah 18:4-5:
*And to warn those who say, “God has taken a son.” They have no knowledge of it, nor did their forefathers. Grave is the word that comes out of their mouths; they speak nothing but a lie.*
Surah 22:30-31:
*So avoid the filth of idols, and avoid false speech—being upright to God, not associating anything with Him.*
Surah 18:50:
*Will you then take him and his descendants as allies other than Me, while they are enemies to you? Wretched is it for the wrongdoers as an exchange.*
Surah 18:52:
*And \[mention] the Day when He will say, “Call My partners whom you claimed,” and they will invoke them, but they will not respond to them. And We will make between them a barrier.*
Surah 40:84:
*And when they saw Our punishment, they said, “We believe in God alone and disbelieve in that which we used to associate with Him.”*
---
**Forever Denials of the Divinity of Jesus**
Surah 5:17:
*They have certainly disbelieved who say that God is the Messiah, the son of Mary. Say, “Then who could prevent God at all if He had intended to destroy the Messiah, son of Mary, or his mother, or everyone on the earth?”*
Surah 5:116:
*And \[beware the Day] when God will say, “O Jesus, son of Mary, did you say to the people, ‘Take me and my mother as deities besides God?’” He will say, “Exalted are You! It was not for me to say that to which I have no right. If I had said it, You would have known it. You know what is within myself, and I do not know what is within Yourself. Indeed, it is You who are Knower of the unseen.”*
Surah 19:35:
*It is not for God to take a child. Glory be to Him! When He decrees a matter, He only says to it, “Be,” and it is.*
---
This consistent testimony of the Quran reveals Jesus as a prophet, Messiah, Word, and Spirit from God—miraculously born of a virgin by divine will—yet never divine himself, nor the literal Son of God. The Quran stands as a perpetual witness against those who turn the servant of God into an object of worship, calling all back to the worship of the One who neither begets nor is begotten.
Muslims who disagree with orthodox Christianity for the same reason as us and for good reason in the just judgments of God because there are non-ew recall its mind that I am the god and there is no other the trinity is subject to unreserved condemnation in the Quran where Muhammad teaches that these three gods are partners of God were unknown to their forefathers and that these three are the sons of Beelzebub boom the trinitarians worship in the place of God Mohamed says that Christ is the greatest of the prophets the word of god the spirit of God the power of god the very soul of God and the word born of a perpetual Virgin by the breath of God or by the breath of the holy spirit
SURAH 3:47 19:20-21 Says that Jesus was born of a Virgin by the will of God but not that he was begotten by God in the sense understood by Christians indeed this is pacifically denied in SURAH 19:35 it is not for god to take a child when he decreased a thing he only says to it be and it is
SURAH 4:171 SURAH 5;72 SURAH 18;52 SURAH 18:50 SURAH 2:253 SURAH 10:18-19
SURAH 5:73-77 SURAH 22:30-31 SURAH 18:4-5,50,52 SURAH 19:88-90 SURAH 40:84
SURAH 2:253 SURAH 4;159 SURAH 4;171 SURAH 5:46 SURAH 112:3-4
Forever denials of the divinity of Jesus see SURAH 5:17,72,116 SURAH 19:35
SURAH 3:47 19:20-21 Says that Jesus was born of a Virgin by the will of God but not that he was begotten by God in the sense understood by Christians indeed this is pacifically denied in SURAH 19:35 it is not for god to take a child when he decreased a thing he only says to it be and it is
SURAH 4:171 SURAH 5;72 SURAH 18;52 SURAH 18:50 SURAH 2:253 SURAH 10:18-19
SURAH 5:73-77 SURAH 22:30-31 SURAH 18:4-5,50,52 SURAH 19:88-90 SURAH 40:84
SURAH 2:253 SURAH 4;159 SURAH 4;171 SURAH 5:46 SURAH 112:3-4
Forever denials of the divinity of Jesus see SURAH 5:17,72,116 SURAH 19:35
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