Adam in the Gospel of Thomas

Adam in the Gospel of Thomas

The Gospel of Thomas Saying (46) Jesus said, "Among those born of women, from Adam until John the Baptist, there is no one so superior to John the Baptist that his eyes should not be lowered (before him). Yet I have said, whichever one of you comes to be a child will be acquainted with the kingdom and will become superior to John."

The Gospel of Thomas Saying Saying (85) Jesus said, "Adam came into being from a great power and a great wealth, but he did not become worthy of you. For had he been worthy, he would not have experienced death."

There are Numerous commentaries on the gospel of Thomas which assume that it is teaching that we have to regain our primordial image which Adam lost.

However the Gospel of Thomas does not speak positively about Adam (Sayings 46, 85) nor does the Gth say any thing about us becoming like Adam was before the fall we are to become greater than Adam was we are to become like Christ (Sayings 13, 61 108)

Some commentaries use many saying from the Gth to prove that we have to regain our primordial image however I am not going to look into these sayings only the ones that clearly speak about Adam

Saying 46. Jesus said, "From Adam to John the Baptist, among those born of women, no one is so much greater than John the Baptist. But for fear that the eyes of such a one should be lost I have said: He who among you shall be the smallest shall know the Kingdom will become greater than John!"

Adam was born through the spirit of the Deity and mother earth thus he is born from below or born of a woman (mother earth).

Here Jesus is not speaking very highly of Adam but of John, it is John the Baptist, here who is the greatest not Adam. To know the Kingdom is find your real self the son of Man inside you

Col 1:27  To whom God would make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles; which is Christ in you, the hope of glory:

Saying 85. Jesus said, "Adam came from great power and great wealth, but he was not worthy of you. For had he been worthy, [he would] not [have tasted] death."

One commentary has mistakenly said this passage is referring recovering our primordial image which Adam. Yet, this passage is clearly speaking of a MAN that fell from grace "but he was not worthy of you". Adam was certainly one who fell from grace. He was the Son of God, yet his fateful decision shook the earth and brought humanity down to the grave. (Sheol, pit, hell, Hades).

“Adam came from great power and great wealth“. the great power and the great wealth is the Spirit of God: Heb "ruach Elohim": "The spirit (wealth) of the Powers". "Spirit" = the "wisdom" of Pro 8:22-26. Was Hovering: "Moved" (AV). Like a mother bird brooding over her young: Deu 32:11 (cp Exo 19:4 the Spirit is described as a dove in Matt. 3:16).
Powers said (The Elohim), "Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the living creatures." Gen 1:26,27 So Powers (the Elohim) created man in His image; male and female created He them.

“and he did not become worthy of you. For, had he been worthy he would not have tasted death."

Adam was found unworthy! Paul makes a comparison between the first and the second Adam.  (Rom 5:12-15,17,19; [cp. Job 31:33; Pr 28:13; Ho 6:7;] 1 Cor 15:21-22, 42-50; 1Ti 2:14 ): in contrast to Adam, whose sin led to death, stands Jesus, whose obedience leads to life. The outcome of Adam‘s sin, according to saying 85:2, was death; the effect of those who find the meaning of Jesus' words will be not to taste death, according to Saying 1 The phrase 'not taste death' is a favourite of in the gospel of Thomas (Saying 1; 18:3; 19:4; 111:2), although it was also known to the Gospel of John (8:51-52)."

108. Jesus said, "Whoever drinks from my mouth will become like me; I myself shall become that person, and the hidden things will be revealed to him."

In this saying and 13 and 61 those who meditate on the words of Jesus are drinking from wisdom’s fountain and become like or equal with Jesus and this saying explicitly states that the true believer who drinks from Jesus‘ mouth becomes Jesus. Drinking is done by means of investigating and finding the symbolic meanings of the parables and proverbs Jesus’ words. As is discussed in Thomas’s introductory saying and in saying 1.

The Pre-Adamic Creation

The Pre-Adamic Creation 

The general account of the work of the six days is contained in the first chapter of Genesis; while in the second is presented, among other things, a more particular narrative of the work of the sixth day in the formation of the first human pair.

Let the reader peruse the history of the creation as a revelation to himself as an inhabitant of the earth. It informs him of the order in which the things narrated would have developed themselves to his view, had he been placed on some projecting rock, the spectator of the events detailed. He must remember this. The Mosaic account is not a revelation to the inhabitants of other orbs remote from the earth of the formation of the boundless universe; but to man, as a constituent of the terrestrial system. This will explain why light is said to have been created four days before the sun, moon, and stars. To an observer on the earth, this was the order of their appearance; and in relation to him a primary creation, though absolutely pre-existent for millions of ages before the Adamic Era.

The duration of the earth’s revolutions round the sun previous to the work of the first day is not revealed; but the evidences produced by the strata of our globe show that the period was long continued. There are indeed hints, casually dropped in the Scriptures, which would seem to indicate, that our planet was inhabited by a race of beings anterior to the formation of man. The apostle Peter, speaking of the “false teachers” that would arise among Christians “by reason of whom the way of truth would be evil spoken of,” illustrates the certainty of their “damnation” by citing three cases in point; namely, that of certain angels; that of the antediluvian world; and that of Sodom and Gomorrha. Now the earth, we know, was the place of judgment to the contemporaries of Noah and Lot, and seeing that these three are warnings to inhabitants of earth, it is probable, that they are all related to things pertaining to our globe in the order of their enumeration -- first, judgment upon its pre-Adameral inhabitants; secondly, upon the antediluvian world, which succeeded them; and thirdly, upon Sodom after the flood.

Peter says, that “the Angels,” or pre-Adameral inhabitants of the Earth, “sinned;” and Jude, in speaking of the same subject, reveals to us the nature of their transgression. He says, verse 6, “the angels maintained not their original state, but forsook their own habitation.” From which it would appear, that they had the ability to leave their dwelling if they pleased; secondly, that they were sometimes employed as messengers to other parts of the universe; this their name (aggeloV, aggelos, one sent) implies: thirdly, that they were forbidden to leave their habitation without special command to do so; and fourthly, that they violated this injunction and left it. Having transgressed the divine law, God would not forgive them; “but casting them down,” or driving them back, “He committed them to everlasting chains of intense darkness to be reserved for judgment” (2 Peter 2:4). Hence, it is clear, when they were driven back to their habitation, some further catastrophy befel them by which their committal to darkness was effected. This probably consisted in the total wreck of their abode, and their entire submergence, with all the mammoths of their estate, under the waters of an overwhelming flood. Reduced to this extremity, the earth became “without form and empty; and darkness overspread the deep waters” (Genesis 1:1). Its mountains, hills, valleys, plains, seas, rivers, and fountains of waters, which gave diversity of “form” to the surface of our globe, all disappeared; and it became “void,” or empty, no living creatures, angels, quadrupeds, birds, or fishes, being found any more upon it. Fragments, however, of the wreck of this pre-Adameral world have been brought to light by geological research, to the records of which we refer the reader, for a detailed account of its discoveries, with this remark, that its organic remains, coal fields, and strata, belong to the ages before the formation of man, rather than to the era of the creation, or the Noachic flood. This view of the matter will remove a host of difficulties, which have hitherto disturbed the harmony between the conclusions of geologists and the Mosaic account of the physical constitution of our globe.

Geologists have endeavoured to extend the six days into six thousand years. But this, with the Scriptural data we have adduced is quite unnecessary. Instead of six thousand, they can avail themselves of sixty thousand; for the Scriptures reveal no length of time during which the terrene angels dwelt upon our globe. The six days of Genesis were unquestionably six diurnal revolutions of the earth upon its axis. This is clear from the tenor of the Sabbath law. “Six days shalt thou labour (O Israel) and do all thy work: but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work: for in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the Lord blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.” Would it be any fit reason that, because the Lord worked six periods of a thousand or more years each, and had ceased about two thousand until the giving of the law, therefore the Israelites were to work six periods of twelve hours, and do no work on a seventh period or day of like duration? Would any Israelite or Gentile, unspoiled by vain philosophy, come to the conclusion of the geologists by reading the sabbath law? We believe not. Six days of ordinary length were ample time for Omnipotence with all the power of the universe at command to re-form the earth, and to place the few animals upon it necessary for the beginning of a new order of things upon the globe.

But what is to become of the evil angels in everlasting chains of darkness, and who shall be their judge? Jude says, they were committed “for the judgment of THE GREAT DAY.” He alludes to this great day in his quotation of the prophecy of Enoch, saying, “Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousand of His Holy Ones (angels of His might, 2 Thess. 1:7) to execute judgment upon all, &c.” This coming of the Lord to judgment is termed by Paul “the Day of Christ” -- “A DAY in which He will judge the world in righteousness by Jesus Christ” -- during which the saints, with angels ministering to them, having lived again, will reign with Christ a thousand years on the earth (2 Thess. 2:2, Acts 17:31; Rev. 5:10; 20:4, 11-15). 

 This is the Great Day of judgment, a period of one thousand years, in which Christ and His saints will govern the nations righteously; judge the raised dead in His kingdom according to their works; and award to the rebel angels the recompense awaiting their transgression. “Know ye not,” saith Paul, “ that we (the saints) shall judge angels? How much more things that pertain to this life?” (1 Cor. 6:3). From these data, then, we conclude that these angels will be judged in the Day of Christ by Jesus and the saints.

In the period between the wreck of the globe as the habitation of the rebel angels and the epoch of the first day, the earth wasas described in Genesis 1:2, “without form and void, and darkness upon the face of the deep,” -- a globe of mineral structure, submerged in water, and mantled in impenetrable night. Out of these crude materials, a new habitation was constructed, and adapted to the abode of new races of living creatures. On the first day, light was caused to shine through the darkness, and disclose the face of the waters; on the second, the atmosphere called heaven, was formed, by which the fog was enabled to float in masses above the deep; on the third, the waters were gathered together into seas, and the dry land, called the Earth, appeared. It was then clothed with verdure, and with fruit and forest trees, preparatory to the introduction of herbivorous creatures to inhabit it. 

 On the fourth day, the expanded atmosphere became transparent, and the shining orbs of the universe could be seen from the surface of the earth. Our globe was then placed in such astronomical relation to them as to be subjected by their influences to the vicissitudes of day and night, summer and winter; and that they might serve for signs, and for years. Thus, the sun, moon, and stars which God had made, by giving the earth’s axis a certain inclination to the plane of the ecliptic, became diffusive of the most genial influences over the land and sea. It was now a fit and beautiful abode for animals of every kind. The dwelling place was perfected, well aired, and gloriously illuminated by the lights of heaven; food was abundantly provided; and the mansional estate waited only a joyous tenantry to be complete.

This was the work of the fifth and sixth days. On the fifth, fish and water-fowl were produced from the teeming waters; and on the sixth, cattle, reptiles, land-fowl, and the beasts of the earth, came out of “the dust of the ground,” male and female, after their several kinds (Gen. 1:20-25; 2:19).

But among all these there was not one fit to exercise dominion over the animal world, or to reflect the divine attributes. Therefore, the Elohim said, “Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the living creatures.” So Elohim created man in His image; male and female created He them. Further details concerning the formation of the human pair are given in the second chapter of Genesis, verses 7, 18, 21-25. These passages belong to the work of the sixth day; while that from verse 8 to 14 pertains to the record of the third; and from 15 to 17 is parallel with chapter 1:28-31, which completes the history of the sixth.

“Thus the heavens and the earth were finished, and all the host of them;” and the Jehovah [Yahweh] Elohim, on reviewing the stupendous and glorious creation elaborated by the Spirit, pronounced it “VERY GOOD.” Then the Elohim, or “Morning Stars sang together, and all the Sons of God shouted for joy” (Job 38:4-7).

The world came about through a mistake The Gospel of Philip

The world came about through a mistake The Gospel of Philip 

The world came about through a mistake. For he who created it wanted to create it imperishable and immortal. He fell short of attaining his desire. For the world never was imperishable, nor, for that matter, was he who made the world. For things are not imperishable, but sons are. Nothing will be able to receive imperishability if it does not first become a son. But he who has not the ability to receive, how much more will he be unable to give? The Gospel of Philip 

The system began in a transgression, for he who made it had desired to make it imperishable and immortal. He fell away and did not attain (his) ambition. For there was no imperishability of the system, and there was no imperishability of him who has made the system. For there is no imperishability of things but rather of the Sons, and no one can obtain imperishability except by becoming (a) Son. Yet he who is unable to receive, how much (more) will he be unable to give! (The Annotated Gospel of Philip Dr. Thomas Paterson Brown)

The Annotated Gospel of Philip Dr. Thomas Paterson Brown

Hypertext interlinear of the Gospel according to Philip


From the Hypertext interlinear of the Gospel of Philip we can see that the word "world" is the Greek word Kosmos  

A kosmos is anything constituted or arranged by what the moderns call "a constitution," or by the force of circumstances; as a kingdom, empire, state, or what is called "world." Each of these, or a system of states, has its course or aeon; so that when the end of the course is arrived at, the abolition or destruction of the particular state of necessity ensues. (The Herald Of The Kingdom And Age To Come, for 1859)

Kosmos, rendered world in this phrase, signifies, that order of things constituted upon the basis of sin in the flesh, and styled the kingdom of this world Rev 11:15, as opposed to the kingdom of God: which is to be established upon the foundation of "the word made flesh" obedient unto death. (Elpis Israel)

The world came about through a mistake [of Adam]

The world came about through a mistake [It is important to understand that the "world" is not the "earth" - the world was created when the individual spirit consciousness of man (in Adam) transgressed the Command (not by deceit as with Eve) which was the “founding of the world” and we know that the “world is at enmity with God” hence anyone who moves in opposition to the Father’s will is of the world]. For he [Adam by error] who created it [the world was created by the errant thoughts (reasoning) of Adam] wanted to create it imperishable and immortal [so although his intentions were good; he had not the understanding or wisdom needed to do this]. He fell short of attaining his desire [The Father Himself falls short of nothing for He is “perfect in all His ways” so this is obviously mankind who fell short by transgressing the Fathers warning. The lure of knowing they might “become as gods” was a bit too attractive to pass up by such a young man]. For the world never was imperishable [the keyword here is “world” as opposed to “earth” do not confuse the two], nor, for that matter, was he who made the world [again this cannot be the Father but is rendered in genesis as “elohim” which can be any individual spirit consciousness in creation whether angel or man]. For things are not imperishable, but sons are [only that which is One with the Father is imperishable and the body itself is just a thing, however the spirit consciousness is not a “thing” yet from a “legal” standpoint anything without life is merely a “thing”]. Nothing will be able to receive imperishability if it does not first become a son. But he who has not the ability to receive [life], how much more will he be unable to give [life]? (Philip 78)

Adam in the Role of Serpent
Adam the first devil

The pre-Adamic Earth

The pre-Adamic Earth

The earth is much older than 6000 years but our creation started about 6000 years ago with a literal 6 days creation

Before the six days’ work began, genesis, chapter 1 verse 2, shows us “darkness on the face of the deep;” the earth without order, and void. The very first incident described is the movement of the spirit of God “on the face of the waters” (same verse), from which it follows the earth and the waters existed before the re-organising work of 6,000 years ago began.

The earth had a history before the six days’ work, as further evident from the words addressed to Adam: “Be fruitful and multiply, and replenish the earth.”

Both the Bible and geological records show it was a history marked by upheaval and ending in catastrophe. The Bible shows us the recovery from that state by the six days’ work ending in the appearance of Adam on the scene.

the earth existed for million of years before the Adamic Era

Fragments, however, of the pre-Adamic world have been brought to light by geological research organic remains, coal fields, and oil, belong to the ages before the formation of man, rather than to the time of the creation, or the flood.

If it be suggested that the fossil remains of the past include human remains, as well as remains of other races, the answer has to be made that there is a lack of scientific evidence that these remains are identical with the human race.

The animal and vegetable remains are those of species now largely extinct, belonging to pre-Adamic ages; and analogy would require that what are considered human remains, if they are human remains (which is by no means certain from the evidence) are the remains of an anterior race, existing at a remote time, when as yet the earth had not been overtaken by the convulsion which brought it to the state (developed in darkness and submerged in the deep) depicted to us in Genesis 1: 2.

that the earth existed prior to the literal six days of Adamic creation. That there was life on earth prior to a catastrophe which left the earth covered with water according to Yahweh's will.

In his discussion of the theory held by brother Roberts, brother Jardine and brother Simons that explained the geological and fossil record in terms of previous creations separated from the Adamic creation by a gap during which all life on earth was destroyed, brother Walker noted that there was actually sufficient scientific evidence to contradict this view. First he observed that the available evidence could not be reconciled with a 6,000 year old creation.

‘As with fishes, so with birds, many remains are found in the rocks, of a kind not now found upon earth. Our museums contain footprints of gigantic birds impressed in sand now turned to rock, and remains actually embedded in rock. If we understand Moses as teaching that the earth and all that therein is came into existence some 6,000 years ago, we shall scarcely be able to account for these evidently very ancient remains of creatures that do not now exist.’[4]

Brother Walker then demonstrated how the ‘gap between creations’ theory also lacked support from the available evidence. He noted that if such a gap had existed the fossil record would show this, when in fact the fossil record showed a continuity of earlier extinct life forms with later forms.

‘If we suppose a sudden and absolute break some 6,000 years ago, or before, resulting in the destruction of all life, and that the creation account of Genesis describes a new creation following, we ought to find some evidence of the break, and we cannot well account for the apparently close relationship that obtains between extinct and existing forms.

There are forms becoming extinct in our own day from slow and natural causes. May it not have been so in pre-Adamic times? The professors tell us for instance that some of these ancient birds, whose strides we can see for ourselves from their footprints were from four to six feet long, were like gigantic ostriches.’[5]

Supposing that it were ever established that they were the actual progenitors of our smaller forms (“There were giants in the earth in those days” might apply to birds and beasts), would the credibility of the Mosaic narrative suffer? Not at all, in our estimation. We should indeed have to revise somewhat our interpretation of the brief cosmogony of Gen. 1.; but should not waver as concerning its divinity, nor await with less faith and patience the reappearance of Moses in the land of the living.’[6]


Most of what is known of the Sabians comes from ibn Wahshiyya's The Nabatean Agriculture, translated in 904 CE from Syriac sources. The text discusses beliefs attributed to the Sabians, in particular that they were people who lived in Pre-Adamite times,

WHO TOLD THE FIRST LIE?

WHO TOLD THE FIRST LIE?

In the Holy Bible, the second and third chapters of Genesis give the order of events leading us to find out who told the first lie. We find them in the story of the garden of Eden. Many Bible students have been led to believe the first lie was told to Eve by the serpent: "Ye shall not surely die." That was NOT the first lie.

By comparing THE WORDS OF GOD SPOKEN TO THE MAN (Adam) with THE "WORDS OF GOD" WHICH WERE REPEATED BY THE WOMAN (who was later to be named Eve), this study will attempt to reveal the FIRST LIE by pointing out THE FIRST LIAR.

THE ORDER OF EVENTS RELATING TO THIS SUBJECT IN THE GENESIS STORY:
GOD MADE MAN: "And Yahweh Elohim formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul" (Genesis 2:7).

GOD PLANTED THE GARDEN OF EDEN AND PUT THE MAN THERE: "And Yahweh Elohim planted a garden eastward in Eden; and there he put the man whom he had formed" (Genesis 2:8).
GOD MADE TREES GROW OUT OF THE GROUND (OUTSIDE and INSIDE the garden of Eden): "And out of the ground made Yahweh Elohim to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight, and good for food; the TREE OF LIFE also IN THE MIDST OF THE GARDEN, and THE TREE of KNOWLEDGE of GOOD and EVIL" (Genesis 2:9).

GOD PUT THE MAN IN THE GARDEN: "And Yahweh Elohim took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it and keep it" (Genesis 2:15).

GOD GAVE THE MAN THE LAWS: "And Yahweh Elohim commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat: but OF THE TREE OF THE KNOWLEDGE OF GOOD AND EVIL, THOU SHALT NOT EAT OF IT; For in the day that thou EATEST THEREOF thou shalt surely die" (Genesis 2:16-17).

GOD MADE THE WOMAN AND GAVE HER TO ADAM:  "And Yahweh Elohim caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam, and he slept; and he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh instead thereof; and the rib, which Yahweh Elohim had taken from man, made he a woman, and brought her unto the man" (Genesis 2:21-22).

THE SERPENT QUESTIONED THE WOMAN: "Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden?" (Genesis 3:1).

THE WOMAN QUOTED THE LAW TO THE SERPENT (AS SHE KNEW IT): "And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden, BUT OF THE FRUIT OF THE TREE WHICH IS IN THE MIDST OF THE GARDEN, God hath said, YE SHALL NOT EAT OF IT, NEITHER SHALL YE TOUCH IT, lest ye die" (Genesis 3:2-3).

THE SERPENT'S FIRST STATEMENT: "And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die" (Genesis 3:4).

The first lie has often been taught to be this first statement by the serpent to the woman: "Ye shall not surely die." But, that was NOT the first lie. You can discover the first lie in the scriptures for yourself:

FIRST, consider God's commandment given to Adam in Genesis 2:16-17, which must be noted, is AFTER God put the man in the garden, and BEFORE God made the woman for Adam, with verses 21-22 showing us that THE WOMAN COULD NOT HAVE OVERHEARD GOD TELLING THE MAN THE COMMANDMENT.

SECOND, compare what you found in 2:16-17 with the woman's quote in 3:2-3 where she spoke WHAT SHE BELIEVED God had said. (Notice this is BEFORE any statement by the serpent, who had only questioned the woman about God's rule regarding the trees of the garden in 3:1.)

THIRD, it is important to state: IT WAS NOT the woman who was the liar. (For proof, consider 1 Timothy 2:13-14: "Adam was not deceived, but the woman being deceived was in the transgression." This statement would also seem to say that the woman was not the one to change the law when she repeated what she believed it to be.)
This comparison reveals that God's commandment to the man HAD BEEN ADDED UNTO, AND DIMINISHED FROM:

THE WORDS OF GOD WERE ADDED UNTO: "...neither shall ye touch it..." Note: Adam was told to dress and keep the garden. That would mean all the trees would need to be touched (Genesis 2:15).

THE WORDS OF GOD WERE DIMINISHED FROM: The woman wasn't told that the tree with the forbidden fruit was the tree of knowledge of good and evil. She was told not to eat of the "tree in the midst of the garden."
(To see which tree is in the midst of the garden see Genesis 2:9.)

THE COMMANDMENT SEEMS VAGUE. Could she have been unsure which tree contained the forbidden fruit?
Adam was the one given the commandment directly from God. Had Adam passed the law to the woman wrongly? The first lie, as mentioned in John 8:44, isn't recorded as such, but the woman's quote of it INFERS that ADAM, as the first false teacher, TOLD THE FIRST LIE.

Jesus Christ, Moses and Jeremiah warn all people who study God's word to keep it pure, whether they are hearing it or speaking it. (See: Deuteronomy 4:2; 12:32; Matthew, chapters 23 and 24; Revelation 22:18-19; Jeremiah 23:9-40).

All of us who share the scriptures with others must be aware of this warning. It is a big responsibility to keep ourselves out of that family of false teachers (serpents) by preserving TRUTH to our best ability.

Were there other human beings contemporary with Adam & Eve?

Were there other human beings contemporary with Adam & Eve?

There are at least four biblical hints that there were other human beings in existence at the time of Adam and Eve:

• Eve is told “I will greatly increase your labor pains” (Genesis 3:16).
The word “increase” implies one of two options: Either God had already *planned* for there to be pain in childbirth (remember that at this point Eve hadn’t had any children) but now God was going to increase it (hardly seems likely?), or else Eve was not the first to have had children (hence the increase, because others hadn’t had the pain before).

• Cain is afraid he would be killed (Genesis 4:14-15).
Who would Cain be afraid of if the only other people on earth are his parents, and perhaps a younger sibling or two that are not mentioned in the Bible? And the marking of Cain so that no-one would kill him hardly sounds necessary if it was only his family. The context of thought in these verse only makes sense if there are other people on the earth.

• Cain finds a wife and builds a city (Genesis 4:17).
There are two concepts to consider here:
Firstly, who was Cain’s wife? “God’s moral compass does not change” (1). In other words, God’s moral values would be constant. Leviticus is quite clear that relations with one’s sister (not to mention other close relatives) are expressly forbidden and wicked (Lev 18:6-18); are a disgrace (Lev 20:17); and a cause of His anger against the Canaanites - (Lev 20:23).

To imply this was Cain’s sister not only inserts a concept into the text that is not there, because the scriptures specifically do NOT say he took his sister, but it also requires God’s moral compass to do a 180-degree turn-around.
Secondly, who lived in his city? Surely more than Cain, his wife and son Enoch? The text appears to assume the existence of a large number of other people in the area.

• After Adam and Eve’s first grandchild was born, “people began to worship Yahweh” (Genesis 4:26). If the only human beings were Adam and Eve, their children and grandchildren, it makes no sense to say that, “people BEGAN to worship Yahweh”.

Abel had previously been faithful, and it appears that Adam and Eve remained faithful after they left Eden (see Genesis 4:25). So at least some of the family were already worshipping God. The verse only really makes sense if these “people” are those who were not part of the family of Adam and Eve.

So throughout the early chapters of Genesis, there are many hints of a wider human population that existed at the time.


Most of what is known of the Sabians comes from ibn Wahshiyya's The Nabatean Agriculture, translated in 904 CE from Syriac sources. The text discusses beliefs attributed to the Sabians, in particular that they were people who lived in Pre-Adamite times,

The word “Serpent” its symbolic meaning

The word “Serpent” its symbolic meaning

God used the word “Serpent” to symbolize disobedience and sin of man (human flesh) resulting from the desire (lust) of man’s heart (thoughts - imaginations).

Again we appeal to the Bible, for by the Word of God truth is established.

It is recorded at John 3:14-15 the words of Jesus: “And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of Man be lifted up; That whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have eternal life.”

Here we have a parallel drawn by Jesus, thus indicating the symbolism of the serpent. Because it was God who instructed Moses to make a “fiery serpent” and mount it on a pole, so Moses mounted a “serpent of brass” (Numbers 21:6-9). Thus signifying the method by which the serpent would be put to death (his head crushed) by the Seed of the woman (as prophesied in Genesis 3:15) brass signifying the flesh and serpent signifying the desires (lusts) of the flesh. So we see in the corpse of Jesus hanging on a tree (cross) the death of the devil (serpent) (Hebrews 3:14).

The actual putting to death “him who had power over death, the devil” was the life Jesus devoted to obedience to his Father, even to the death on the cross. This constituted the process of crushing the serpent’s head. Jesus accomplished this within himself, by his own choice, because it was his meat (desire) to perform the Father’s will (John 4:34).

When Jesus established the memorial table (Matthew 26:26; Mark 14:22;
Luke 22:19) he spoke only of his “body given” and his “blood shed”, in commemoration of his “death.” Paul in writing to the Corinthians, stated that this communion table is for the express purpose of “proclaiming the Lord’s DEATH until he comes” (1 Corinthians 11:23-28). And Peter calls to mind the price paid for our redemption (1 Peter 1:18-19) is the DEATH of Jesus by his blood poured out.

So, in accordance with the Lord’s style of expressing his truth hid in a mystery, here we have an allegory. The Children of Israel, when wandering through the wilderness, were bitten by the little “fiery serpents” (because of disobedience and sins) which would result in death, unless and except they would (by faith) turn and look upon the “brazen serpent” hanging on a tree in order to be cured.

 So, likewise, the saints (Spiritual Israel) who are confronted daily by sins - “If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves and the truth is not in us” (1 John 1:8) - as they wander through the wilderness of mortal life, will reap death unless they turn by faith and behold the man hanging on the cross, where the devil (serpent) has been put to death. And so are they healed (see 1 Peter 2:21-25).

Although Jesus put to death the ‘diabolos’ within himself by the life that he lived and the death that he died, the influence of sin is still at work. However, the saints will be justified in due time by the grace of God because of Jesus’ obedience.