Gnostic understanding of the names of God

The names of worldly things are utterly deceptive, for they turn the heart from what is real to what is unreal. Whoever hears the word god thinks not of what is real but rather of what is unreal. So also with the words father, son, holy spirit, life, light, resurrection, church, and all the rest, people do not think of what is real but of what is unreal, [though] the words refer to what is real. The words [that are] heard belong to this world. [Do not be] [54] deceived. If words belonged to the eternal realm, they would never be pronounced in this world, nor would they designate worldly things. They would refer to what is in the eternal realm.

The names of worldly things are utterly deceptive, for they turn the heart from what is real to what is unreal. [we are misguided by the names because we perceive what we have been taught by religious leaders to be true when they are not in most cases - names are meaningless but the characteristics of those with them are paramount] Whoever hears the word god thinks not of what is real but rather of what is unreal. [the bible itself if written in a symbolic style or code and it takes a lot of effort to discern the true meanings of its length, width, depth and height. Many scriptures translate the word God from numerous variables that hide the true meaning of the original Hebrew or Greek term applied to the account such as “Elohim”, “El”, whereas they could mean a plurality of divine beings the elohim/angels, or simply “Power”, etc.. The rulers use the term often but are referring to a god other than the true Deity] So also with the words father, son, holy spirit, life, light, resurrection, church, and all the rest, people do not think of what is real but of what is unreal, though the words refer to what is real. The words that are heard belong to this world. Do not be deceived. If words belonged to the eternal realm, they would never be pronounced in this world, nor would they designate worldly things. They would refer to what is in the eternal realm (Gospel of Philip)

[names were actually "titles" that had deeper meanings giving understanding to those who knew them, these have all been changed/modified using pagan names and other utterances that have no meaning so that people could not discern the truth through them]

that names given to worldly concepts, including those associated with religious and spiritual terms, can be deceptive and lead to misunderstanding. Instead, Gnostics emphasize the importance of seeking deeper, spiritual understanding beyond the limitations of language and conventional religious concepts

Deceptive Nature of Names: The passage suggests that names given to concepts like "God," "the Father," "the Son," "the Holy Spirit," and others can be misleading and divert our thoughts from the true nature of these concepts. Gnostics believe that the true essence and meaning of these concepts go beyond the conventional understanding conveyed by their names.

Symbolic Style or Code: According to the passage, the Bible itself is written in a symbolic style or code, requiring effort and discernment to uncover its true meanings. Gnostics emphasize the need for spiritual insight and interpretation to grasp the deeper dimensions of the biblical texts, going beyond surface-level understanding.

Plurality of Divine Beings: The passage mentions that terms like "Elohim" and "El" could imply a plurality of divine beings, such as the angels or the elohim. Gnostics recognize that the rulers of the world often use the term "God," but it may refer to a false god or an inferior understanding of the divine.

Seeking Correct Knowledge: The passage emphasizes the importance of coming to know what is correct and seeking deeper understanding beyond the misleading names and conventional interpretations. Gnostics believe in the pursuit of gnosis, a direct experiential knowledge of the divine truth that goes beyond mere intellectual understanding.

Furthermore, the Gnostic Chrstians criticize the common use of the word "God" in English, as it is derived from the Saxon word for "good." They argue that "God" does not accurately capture the specific meanings conveyed by the Hebrew names for deity, such as Eloah, Elohim, Shaddai, and Yahweh. These names are plural in nature and require terms of the same number to express them correctly. However, they note that the term "God" does not fully translate or convey the intended meanings of the specific Hebrew names for God, leaving the true understanding obscured.

Valentinian Perspective: The Valentinians were a group of early Christian Gnostics who offered a unique interpretation of biblical texts, including the Old Testament. They believed in a spiritual understanding of the scriptures, interpreting certain passages allegorically while taking ethical teachings, such as the Sermon on the Mount, literally.

Names of God in the Old Testament: Valentinians approached the names of God in the Old Testament from a symbolic and mystical perspective, looking beyond literal translations. They recognized that names given to worldly concepts, including God, can be deceptive and divert our thoughts from the true understanding. Valentinians sought to uncover the deeper spiritual meanings conveyed by these names.

1. EL (AIL): The name "EL" or "AIL" represents the concept of power, might, and strength associated with the Deity. It signifies the absolute, omnipotent, and independent power of the universe. EL represents the corporeal and transcendent Being that exists beyond the material world. The substance of EL empowers and sustains the other divine beings.

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3. Most High God (EL): Valentinians understood the term "Most High EL" as representing the Higher Power, the ultimate corporeal and transcendent aspect of the divine. It signifies the supreme and transcendent nature of the Deity, surpassing all worldly concepts and limitations.

1. Eloah: Valentinians saw Eloah as another name for the Deity, emphasizing the corporeal nature and power of the Deity. Eloah signifies the divine essence as a source of power, authority, and sustenance. Eloah is also an individual Elohim or angel, manifesting the corporeal nature of the divine.

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3. The Holy Spirit: Valentinians view the Holy Spirit as a force, the power of EL, emanating from the substance of EL and flowing through the Elohim. It is not considered a person but rather a divine force that empowers and energizes the divine beings.

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5. Elohim: Valentinians understood Elohim as referring to the mighty ones or powerful ones, including aeons, angelic beings, or enlightened individuals with spiritual insight. Elohim represents various divine forces or spiritual powers that interact with the material world. They have form and shape, being corporeal, and derive their power from the spirit of EL.

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7. Yahweh Elohim (Archangel Michael): The chief Elohim is called Yahweh Elohim or the archangel Michael, considered the Demiurge. In Gnostic Christianity, the Demiurge is not seen as evil but as a powerful divine being associated with Yahweh. Yahweh Elohim represents the interaction between the eternal nature of the Deity (Yahweh) and the various divine powers (Elohim).

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9. Yahweh: Gnostic Christians may interpret Yahweh as the name of the Deity associated with existence and the eternal nature of divine presence. Yahweh signifies the unchanging essence of existence and the ultimate source of being. Yahweh can be interpreted as "He Shall Be" or "The One Who Will Be." It represents the unchanging essence of existence and the ultimate source of being.

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11. Yahweh Elohim Sabaoth: Gnostic Christians may see Yahweh Elohim Sabaoth as a prophecy about what the Deity will become. It suggests that the Deity will manifest as a group of Mighty Ones of the Armies of Israel. This concept is supported by references in 2 Peter 1:4 and John 17:19-24.

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13. El Shaddai: Valentinians interpreted El Shaddai as the sustaining power of the mighty ones. El Shaddai represents the continuous support, nourishment, and provision provided by the divine force or EL in the spiritual journey and overall well-being of individuals. It is an expression of the corporeal nature and empowerment of the Elohim.

Avoiding Trinitarian Doctrine: Valentinians emphasized that the application of Elohim to angels, mortal men, and even Jesus (as seen in John 20:28) does not endorse the doctrine of the Trinity. They rejected the Trinitarian understanding and interpreted the references to God and gods in the Old Testament within their symbolic and mystical framework.

In this approach, Gnostic Chrstians seek to uncover the deeper spiritual meanings behind the names of God, moving beyond literal translations and embracing the symbolic and mystical dimensions conveyed by these names. They emphasize the importance of inner revelation and personal spiritual insight to comprehend the true essence of divine realities.

Aeon and the World: The passage distinguishes between the Aeon, which represents the eternal realm of divine truth, and the world, which is characterized by deception and incorrect perceptions. The names associated with worldly concepts and ideas do not have the same significance as they would in the eternal realm.

Overall, the passage from the Gospel of Philip highlights the Gnostic perspective on the limitations of language, the deceptive nature of worldly concepts, and the need for spiritual insight to grasp the true meanings behind religious and spiritual terms. It encourages seekers to go beyond conventional understandings and pursue a deeper, experiential knowledge of the divine.

In the Valentinian understanding:

EL: Valentinians recognized EL as representing power, might, and strength. It conveyed the idea of a supreme and independent power that is the source of all energy and the basis of all matter. EL is the absolute, omnipotent, and independent power of the universe.

ELOHIM: Valentinians understood Elohim as the plural form of Eloah, signifying Mighty Ones. They recognized that Elohim could refer to the heavenly host, including angels and other divine beings who manifest the attributes of the great Increate. Elohim can also be applied to mortal men who act with divine authority and power.

Usage of Elohim: Valentinians noted that Elohim is used in various ways in the Old Testament. It has been translated as "God," "gods," "angels," and "judges" in different contexts. The usage of Elohim can refer to the heavenly beings involved in the discussion of creation, the judges who acted with divine authority, and even Moses, who was elevated to a position of authority before Pharaoh.


Overall, the Valentinian understanding of EL and Elohim focuses on the concept of divine power and authority, recognizing the plurality of divine beings and their role in the spiritual realm. They sought to uncover the deeper spiritual truths behind these names and their varied usage in the biblical texts.