Valentinian Interpretation of Genesis 1

Valentinian Interpretation of Genesis 1

By the late second century, the Gnostic movement had developed a rather involved cosmology. Although it varied widely and should not be oversimplified, a basic outline can be useful for our understanding

The "classical" Gnostic mythology posits a sort of prologue to the Judeo-Christian version of creation as described in the Book of Genesis.

1 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. 2 The earth was without form, and void; and darkness [a]was on the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters.

3 Then God said, “Let there be light”; and there was light. 4 And God saw the light, that it was good; and God divided the light from the darkness. 5 God called the light Day, and the darkness He called Night. [b]So the evening and the morning were the first day.
6 Then God said, “Let there be a [c]firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters.” 7 Thus God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament; and it was so. 8 And God called the firmament Heaven. So the evening and the morning were the second day.

9 Then God said, “Let the waters under the heavens be gathered together into one place, and let the dry land appear”; and it was so. 10 And God called the dry land Earth, and the gathering together of the waters He called Seas. And God saw that it was good.

11 Then God said, “Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb that yields seed, and the fruit tree that yields fruit according to its kind, whose seed is in itself, on the earth”; and it was so. 12 And the earth brought forth grass, the herb that yields seed according to its kind, and the tree that yields fruit, whose seed is in itself according to its kind. And God saw that it was good. 13 So the evening and the morning were the third day.

14 Then God said, “Let there be lights in the firmament of the heavens to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs and seasons, and for days and years; 15 and let them be for lights in the firmament of the heavens to give light on the earth”; and it was so. 16 Then God made two great [d]lights: the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night. He made the stars also. 17 God set them in the firmament of the heavens to give light on the earth, 18 and to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness. And God saw that it was good. 19 So the evening and the morning were the fourth day.

20 Then God said, “Let the waters abound with an abundance of living [e]creatures, and let birds fly above the earth across the face of the [f]firmament of the heavens.” 21 So God created great sea creatures and every living thing that moves, with which the waters abounded, according to their kind, and every winged bird according to its kind. And God saw that it was good. 22 And God blessed them, saying, “Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let birds multiply on the earth.” 23 So the evening and the morning were the fifth day.
24 Then God said, “Let the earth bring forth the living creature according to its kind: cattle and creeping thing and beast of the earth, each according to its kind”; and it was so. 25 And God made the beast of the earth according to its kind, cattle according to its kind, and everything that creeps on the earth according to its kind. And God saw that it was good.

26 Then God said, “Let Us make man in Our image, according to Our likeness; let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, over the birds of the air, and over the cattle, over [g]all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.” 27 So God created man in His own image; in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them. 28 Then God blessed them, and God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply; fill the earth and subdue it; have dominion over the fish of the sea, over the birds of the air, and over every living thing that [h]moves on the earth.”
29 And God said, “See, I have given you every herb that yields seed which is on the face of all the earth, and every tree whose fruit yields seed; to you it shall be for food. 30 Also, to every beast of the earth, to every bird of the air, and to everything that creeps on the earth, in which there is [i]life, I have given every green herb for food”; and it was so. 31 Then God saw everything that He had made, and indeed it was very good. So the evening and the morning were the sixth day.

Against Heresies (Book I, Chapter 18):

Moses, then, they declare, by his mode of beginning the account of the creation, has at the commencement pointed out the mother of all things when he says, In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth; Genesis 1:1 for, as they maintain, by naming these four —God, beginning, heaven, and earth — he set forth their Tetrad. Indicating also its invisible and hidden nature, he said, Now the earth was invisible and unformed. Genesis 1:2 They will have it, moreover, that he spoke of the second Tetrad, the offspring of the first, in this way — by naming an abyss and darkness, in which were also water, and the Spirit moving upon the water. Then, proceeding to mention the Decad, he names light, day, night, the firmament, the evening, the morning, dry land, sea, plants, and, in the tenth place, trees. Thus, by means of these ten names, he indicated the ten Æons. The power of the Duodecad, again, was shadowed forth by him thus:— He names the sun, moon, stars, seasons, years, whales, fishes, reptiles, birds, quadrupeds, wild beasts, and after all these, in the twelfth place, man. Thus they teach that the Triacontad was spoken of through Moses by the Spirit. Moreover, man also, being formed after the image of the power above, had in himself that ability which flows from the one source. This ability was seated in the region of the brain, from which four faculties proceed, after the image of the Tetrad above, and these are called: the first, sight, the second, hearing, the third, smell, and the fourth, taste. And they say that the Ogdoad is indicated by man in this way: that he possesses two ears, the like number of eyes, also two nostrils, and a twofold taste, namely, of bitter and sweet. Moreover, they teach that the whole man contains the entire image of the Triacontad as follows: In his hands, by means of his fingers, he bears the Decad; and in his whole body the Duodecad, inasmuch as his body is divided into twelve members; for they portion that out, as the body of Truth is divided by them — a point of which we have already spoken. But the Ogdoad, as being unspeakable and invisible, is understood as hidden in the viscera.

According to this passage, the Gnostic believers saw the creation account in Genesis as a representation of the emanation of the aeons, which are divine beings or spiritual powers. The first Tetrad is represented by God, beginning, heaven, and earth, while the second Tetrad is represented by an abyss, darkness, water, and the Spirit. The Ten Æons are represented by light, day, night, the firmament, the evening, the morning, dry land, sea, plants, and trees. The Duodecad is represented by the sun, moon, stars, seasons, years, whales, fishes, reptiles, birds, quadrupeds, wild beasts, and man.

The believers also believed that man was formed after the image of the power above, and that man had in himself the ability that flows from the one source. This ability was seated in the region of the brain, from which four faculties proceed after the image of the Tetrad above, namely, sight, hearing, smell, and taste. The Ogdoad, as being unspeakable and invisible, is understood as hidden in the viscera.

Therefore, according to this passage, the Gnostic believers saw the creation account in Genesis as a representation of the emanation of the aeons, and they interpreted the different elements of the creation account as symbols of the different aeons or spiritual powers.

The Gnostics believed that Genesis 1 contains hidden symbolic meanings that reveal the emanation of the 30 Aeons, or divine attributes, from the one ultimate source. They interpreted the text as follows:

• The first Tetrad (God, beginning, heaven, and earth) represents the ultimate source from which the Aeons emanate. This source is invisible and hidden, like the earth before it was formed.
• The second Tetrad (abyss, darkness, water, and Spirit) represents the four Aeons that emanate from the first Tetrad. These Aeons are also invisible and hidden.
• The Decad (light, day, night, firmament, evening, morning, dry land, sea, plants, trees) represents the next 10 Aeons that emanate from the second Tetrad. These Aeons are more visible and manifest than the first four.
• The Duodecad (sun, moon, stars, seasons, years, whales, fishes, reptiles, birds, quadrupeds, wild beasts, and man) represents the final 12 Aeons that emanate from the Decad. These Aeons are the most visible and manifest of all.
• The Ogdoad (eight Aeons) is unspeakable and invisible, but is hidden within man's body. Man is created in the image of the ultimate source and contains within himself the same abilities as the Aeons.

The Gnostics also believed that man's physical form reflected the divine order of the Aeons. Man's four senses (sight, hearing, smell, taste) correspond to the first Tetrad, and his eight bodily orifices (two eyes, two ears, two nostrils, and a twofold taste) correspond to the Ogdoad. Man's 12 body parts correspond to the Duodecad, and his 10 fingers correspond to the Decad.

In summary, the Gnostics believed that Genesis 1 contains a hidden message about the emanation of the 30 Aeons from the ultimate source. They saw this message reflected in the physical form of man, who is created in the image of the divine.

The Psychic Realm Genesis 1:7

The Psychic Realm

A Study of The Psychical Realm
or 

Gnostic Teaching on the Psychic Aeon

What is psychic?

When using the term "psychic," it's crucial to clarify that we are not referring to the likes of Sylvia Browne or the activities associated with the psychic hotline. Instead, we are using "psychic" in a more nuanced sense, relating it to "psyche," which pertains to the mind as we commonly understand it, including the intellect and other faculties such as emotions and reasoning. Therefore, an individual centered in the psychic realm is primarily driven by their intellectual and cognitive aspects, as well as their emotional dimensions.

Conversely, the term "pneumatic" is derived from "pneuma," signifying the breath of spirit. In this context, it describes someone who is closely connected to or centered in the spiritual realm. Being pneumatic involves identifying with the higher, transcendental aspects of existence. This orientation moves beyond the confines of the physical world, delving into matters of faith, purpose, and establishing a profound connection with the divine.

To truly comprehend these terms, it's essential to grasp their original and intricate meanings rather than getting caught up in modern misconceptions. By doing so, we can gain a more profound understanding of the intricate relationship between intellectual and spiritual dimensions. This understanding is crucial for navigating beyond the sensational portrayals often associated with the term "psychic" and delving into the rich theological and philosophical insights that these terms offer.

When delving into matters of religion, it is essential to consider the triad of conscious activities: spiritual, psychical, and physical. The spiritual domain pertains to fundamental principles of absoluteness, the psychical encompasses the realm of mental imagery, while the physical corresponds to the plane of tangible manifestation. The archetype of a well-rounded and fully developed individual, epitomized by figures like Jesus, embodies the harmonious alignment and conscious synchronization of spirit, soul, and body. This unity allows one to honour the inherent laws of existence. Those progressing towards this state undergo diverse encounters, symbolically depicted in religious scriptures.

The term "psychic" originates from the Greek word "psychikos," which signifies attributes related to the mind or mental realm. This term also holds a connection with the human mind or psyche. Additionally, in Greek, the word "psuché" represents the concept of the soul. It's worth noting that "psuchikos" is an adjective associated with "psuché," suggesting qualities of being soulful, soulical, ensouled, or soul-endowed.

The usage of "psychic" or "psychical" appears relatively sparingly within the New Testament.

psuchikos: natural, of the soul or mind

Original Word: ψυχικός, ή, όν

Part of Speech: Adjective

Transliteration: psuchikos

Phonetic Spelling: (psoo-khee-kos')

Definition: natural, of the soul or mind

Usage: animal, natural, sensuous.

5591 psyxikós (an adjective, derived from 5590 /psyxḗ, "soul, natural identity") – properly, soulish, i.e. what is natural, as it relates to physical (tangible) life alone (i.e. apart from God's inworking of faith).

5591 /psyxikós ("natural") typically describes the natural ("lower") aspect of humanity, i.e. behavior that is "more of earth (carnality) than heaven." 5591(psyxikós) then sometimes stands in contrast to 4152 /pneumatikós("spiritual") – the higher, spiritual aspect of humanity that develops through faith (4102 /pístis).

the psychic body

1Co 15:44 It is sown a natural <5591> body; it is raised a spiritual body. There is a natural <5591> body, and there is a spiritual body.

1Co 15:44 It is sown a body of the soul, it is raised a body of the spirit; if there is a body of the soul, there is also of the spirit:-- (Rotherham’s Emphasized Bible)

1Co 15:46 Howbeit that was not first which is spiritual, but that which is natural <5591>; and afterward that which is spiritual.

1Co 15:46 Howbeit, not first, is the body of the spirit, but that, of the soul,--afterwards, that of the spirit. (Rotherham’s Emphasized Bible)

In the original Greek, the term "natural" (ψυχικός) refers to the psychical or ensouled nature of the body. This suggests that the natural body is inherently tied to the realm of the soul, the animating force that gives life to the physical form. This body is susceptible to the limitations and vulnerabilities of the material world.

Here the body of the soul or the Psychical body is the natural body or the flesh.

14...Why even the soul is a body, for the Apostle says, "It is sown a body of soul, it is raised a body of spirit." (1cor 15:44) And how can the souls which are being punished be sensible of it, if they are not bodies? Certainly he says, "Fear him who, after death, is able to cast soul and body into hell." (Matthew 10:28) Now that which is visible is not purged by fire, but is dissolved into dust. (Extracts from the Works of Theodotus)

Title:  The Significance of the Psychical Body in 1 Corinthians 15:44

Introduction

Throughout human history, the contemplation of the soul and its connection to the physical body has been a subject of deep philosophical and religious inquiry. The writings of ancient texts, such as the New Testament, and the interpretations and reflections of thinkers over the centuries have contributed to a nuanced understanding of the relationship between the soul, the body, and the spirit. In this exploration, we delve into the insights provided by ancient texts, particularly focusing on passages from 1 Corinthians 15, and the interpretations of scholars like Theodotus, shedding light on the complex interplay of the soul, the body, and the spirit.

The scriptural passage in 1 Corinthians 15:44 presents a fascinating exploration of the psychical body, shedding light on the intricate relationship between the physical and the spiritual. This passage, when analyzed in its original Greek context, provides profound insights into the nature of human existence, the resurrection, and the interconnectedness of body and soul.

In this verse, the term "natural" is translated from the Greek word "psuchikos," which refers to the psychical or ensouled nature of the body. This terminology suggests a fundamental connection between the physical body and the animating force of the soul. The psychical body represents the embodied state of humanity, encompassing both the material and the immaterial aspects of human existence.

The apostle Paul's intention in employing the terms "natural" and "spiritual" becomes clearer when considering the broader context of his theological message. He contrasts the psychical body with the spiritual body, indicating an evolution or transformation that occurs after death and in the resurrection. This transformation signifies a shift from the limitations of the material world to a higher, more refined state of being.

Paul's reference to the natural body as a "body of the soul" underscores the inseparable connection between the physical and the spiritual. It challenges the dualistic notion that separates the body from the soul, emphasizing that the soul is intimately intertwined with the physical vessel it animates. This perspective aligns with a holistic understanding of human nature, where the body and soul are not opposing forces but integral components of the human experience.

Furthermore, the concept of the psychical body holds implications for discussions on immortality and the afterlife. The Greek term "psuche," often translated as "soul," refers to the vital life force that sustains an individual. This concept diverges from traditional notions of an immortal soul and aligns more closely with the biblical understanding of the soul as mortal, subject to both physical death and potential resurrection.

This understanding leads to the interpretation that the psychical body, or the body of the soul, is synonymous with the natural body or the flesh. This implies that the body, which is animated by the soul, is inherently tied to the material realm. This body is subject to the limitations, vulnerabilities, and mortality of the physical world. It is the vessel through which the soul experiences the tangible existence on Earth.

Paul's distinction between the natural and the spiritual body is a reflection of the transition from the mortal to the immortal, from the earthly to the transcendent. He elucidates that while the natural body is essential for earthly life, it is the spiritual body that is raised in resurrection. The spiritual body is not bound by the constraints of the physical realm; it is freed from the limitations of mortality. This concept echoes the transformation undergone by Christians in their resurrection, resembling the glorified body of Jesus Christ.

This distinction between the natural and the spiritual body underscores the temporary nature of the psychical body. It implies that the earthly existence, encompassing the psychical body, is transitory. The idea of the psychical body aligns with the biblical narrative of creation, where humans were formed from the dust of the ground and received the breath of life. The combination of the physical body and the animating soul constitutes the psychical body, which is subjected to both physical death and the eventual resurrection.

This perspective on the psychical body stands in contrast to the concept of the immortal soul that has been pervasive in various religious and philosophical traditions. The belief in the immortal soul often suggests a separation between the physical and the spiritual, wherein the soul persists beyond death. However, the biblical interpretation of the psychical body emphasizes the interconnectedness of body and soul, and their mutual dependence.

The Roman Catholic translation, The New American Bible, reinforces this viewpoint by stating that saving one's soul is not about salvaging a distinct spiritual entity but about the entirety of the person, including their living, desiring, and willing aspects. This aligns with the notion that the soul is deeply intertwined with the physical existence.

In conclusion, the concept of the psychical body, or the body of the soul, in the Bible serves to emphasize the connection between the earthly, material form and the animating force of the soul. This connection highlights the impermanent nature of the psychical body, which is subject to mortality and transformation. While the psychical body is inherently linked to the natural, earthly realm, the understanding of the spiritual body signifies a transition to the immortal and transcendent state. This interpretation challenges the notion of the immortal soul and encourages a holistic view of human existence, wherein body and soul are intricately interwoven elements.

The reference to the psychical body also contributes to the discourse on resurrection. The transformation from the natural body to the spiritual body signifies a profound change in the state of being. While the natural body is bound by the limitations of the physical realm, the spiritual body transcends these limitations and attains a higher form of existence. This transformation echoes the biblical narrative of redemption and renewal, highlighting the transformative power of divine intervention.

In interpreting 1 Corinthians 15:44, it's essential to consider the cultural and philosophical context of the Corinthian society. The Corinthians were influenced by various philosophical schools of thought, including Platonic dualism, which emphasized the separation of the physical and the spiritual. Paul's use of "psuchikos" challenges this dualistic perspective by emphasizing the inherent unity of body and soul.

Ultimately, the notion of the psychical body serves as a bridge between the material and the spiritual, offering a holistic understanding of human existence. This concept echoes throughout the New Testament, emphasizing the interconnectedness of body, soul, and spirit. It invites believers to contemplate the profound implications of the resurrection and the transformative journey from the psychical to the spiritual.

In conclusion, 1 Corinthians 15:44's reference to the psychical body holds significant theological implications, challenging dualistic perspectives and underscoring the unity of body and soul. The passage speaks to the transformation of human existence from the limitations of the physical world to the expansiveness of the spiritual realm. By delving into the original Greek terminology and considering the broader biblical narrative, we gain a deeper appreciation for the intricate interplay between the material and the immaterial aspects of our being.

Conclusion

The contemplation of the soul, body, and spirit as depicted in ancient texts like 1 Corinthians 15 and interpreted by scholars like Theodotus provides a profound exploration of human existence. The interplay between the soul and the body, described as a "body of soul," suggests a complex relationship that intertwines the tangible and the ethereal. While the soul's connection to the body allows for a tangible experience of existence, the interplay between the "natural body" and the "spiritual body" hints at a transformative journey toward a refined and immortal state.

Theodotus's insights offer a thought-provoking perspective on the soul's potential for immortality, underscoring the significance of aligning one's soul with higher principles. Ultimately, these contemplations invite individuals to consider the intricate relationship between the soul, the body, and the spirit, sparking profound reflections on the nature of human existence and the path to spiritual growth.

God has a Soul the psychic substance

The Divine nature has been a subject of profound contemplation for centuries, sparking philosophical, theological, and spiritual inquiries. Among these, the notion of God having a soul and consequently a physical body unveils an intricate perspective that challenges conventional interpretations. This concept, while rooted in scriptural references and ancient thought, offers a new dimension to our understanding of the Divine.

 
The idea of God having a soul, a psychic essence, adds a fascinating layer to our understanding of the divine nature. Biblical passages and ancient texts intertwine to unveil a concept that transcends the traditional boundaries of theological discourse. From Leviticus to the Nag Hammadi Library, the notion that God possesses a soul gains momentum, challenging us to rethink our perception of the divine.

Leviticus provides the initial clue, offering a unique perspective on God's relationship with humanity. "And I will set my tabernacle among you: and my soul shall not abhor you" (Leviticus 26:11). This passage suggests that God's soul is not distant but intimately connected to His creation. It implies that God's essence is not only spiritual but also resonates within the realm of the soul.

Further insights emerge from the Book of Job, where the creation of man is described as a collaboration between God's spirit and His breath: "God’s own spirit made me, And the Almighty’s own breath proceeded to bring me to life" (Job 33:4). Here, God's spirit is the agent of creation, but it is His breath that animates and brings life. This act signifies the union of the divine and the corporeal, suggesting that the soul is an integral part of God's identity.

The Psalms and Isaiah's prophecies add depth to this notion of God's soul. References to "my soul" in relation to God (Psalm 24:4) and descriptions of God's servant as having a soul (Isaiah 42:1) challenge conventional perceptions of divinity. These passages intimate that the divine essence is not limited to the realm of spirit; it extends to the soul, implying a more profound connection between God and humanity.

This perspective prompts us to consider that humanity's creation is not just in the likeness of God's spirit but also in the likeness of His soul. If humanity mirrors God's soul, then there exists a shared psychic realm that unites the divine and the human. This concept expands our understanding of being created in the image of God beyond the physical and spiritual dimensions.

The [Invisible] Spirit [is] a psychic (animate) and intellectual power, a knower and a foreknower.  (Zostrianos, The Nag Hammadi Library)

The Nag Hammadi Library adds layers of complexity to this enigma. In "Zostrianos," the Invisible Spirit is portrayed as a psychic and intellectual power, a knower and a foreknower. This depiction aligns with ancient beliefs that the Divine possesses not only transcendent wisdom but also an intimate understanding of creation. This portrayal bridges the gap between the divine and the psychic, suggesting that God's soul encompasses profound knowledge and insight.

Grant what no angel eye has seen and no archon ear (has) heard, and what has not entered into the human heart which came to be angelic and (modelled) after the image of the psychic (animate) God when it was formed in the beginning, since I have faith and hope. (Prayer of the Apostle Paul, The Nag Hammadi Library)

The "Prayer of the Apostle Paul" resonates with this idea, drawing parallels between humanity and God's psychic image. It suggests that humans were created in the beginning after the model of the psychic God, bestowed with an animating force that reflects the divine essence. This concept implies that the soul is not just a bridge between body and spirit but a vessel that carries the very essence of God within the human experience.

The Valentinians, who believed God to be corporeal, further contribute to this perspective. They envisioned God as having a shape and body corresponding to His preeminence over all spiritual beings. This belief aligns with the notion that God's soul is intricately connected to a corporeal form, solidifying the concept of a divine corporeal identity.

In conclusion, the idea that God has a soul and, by extension, a corporeal identity challenges conventional theological boundaries. Biblical passages and ancient texts converge to reveal a divine essence that encompasses not only the spiritual but also the psychic. This concept expands our understanding of humanity's relationship with the divine, suggesting a shared psychic realm that unites both. The notion of God's soul encourages us to rethink the depths of our connection to the divine, inviting us to explore the intersection of the spiritual and the corporeal within the framework of our faith.

In the tapestry of theological exploration, the concept of God possessing a soul beckons us to reconsider the boundaries of our understanding. It prompts us to delve into the mysteries of divine embodiment, cosmic ensoulment, and the profound connection between the human and the divine. As we navigate these depths, we are reminded that the enigma of God's soul is an invitation to expand our perception, to embrace the ineffable, and to explore the timeless question of what it truly means to be made in the image and likeness of the Divine.

The Psychic Place a Mental Realm

The soul as the mind, as the seat of the senses, affections, and various emotions. The soul is used occasionally for mental acts and the intellect

Psalm 139:14 Proverbs 19:2 that the soul be without knowledge is not good (but RVm desire without knowledge, 

Proverbs 24:14 know wisdom for thy soul (or according to thy desire, think not in thy soul (or in thyself,  

Jas 3:15  This wisdom is not one, from above, coming down, but is earthly, born of the soul, demoniacal! (Rotherham’s Emphasized Bible)

Jude 1:19 These are the ones who cause divisions, worldly-minded, devoid of the Spirit.

 You have become psychic, since you have received the substance of the formed. If you cast out the smallest part of this, so that you do not acquire again a human part - but you have accepted for yourself the animal thought and likeness - you have become fleshly, since you have taken on animal nature. For (if) it is difficult to find a psychical man, how much more so to find the Lord? (The Teachings of Silvanus)

Heracleon: Fragments from his Commentary on the Gospel of John

The ascent to Jerusalem signifies the ascent of the Lord from material realm things to the animate (psychic) place (or realm), which is an image of Jerusalem. 

the lower material (hylic) level of existence is symbolized by Capharnaum the psychic level of existence is symbolized by Jerusalem

Heracleon compares the holy of holies the part of the temple accessible only to the high pries to the eternal realm of the pleroma which the spirituals are permitted to enter

Here Heracleon links the psychic realm with the image of Jerusalem 

image refers to a pattern. type, plan, or form

image--"A mental representation of anything not actually present to the senses" (Webster).

Here the Psychic aeon is a world of forms it is a mental realm 

psychic--Pertaining to the intellect which is common to the ordinary man; but not yet quickened to the standard of Spirit.

When the psychic dominates in an individual it separates him from, or hinders him from coming into, consciousness of the true peace, unity, and joy that are results of the spiritual life. The psychic, apart from true spiritual understanding and dominion, leads to piercing, cutting, inharmonious experiences.

The realm of the soul is not the realm of God that is the higher realm of the consciousness built in accordance with the Christ mind. The realm of Spirit is wherever God is working to express Himself. When man as principle becomes the perfect image and likeness of God, no other realm will appear to have being.

The Soul is man's consciousness--that which he has realized or developed by the Spirit or intellectual reasoning; and also the impressions that he has received from the world around him ie social and environmental influences thus man's consciousness- is made up of intellectual reasoning, social and environmental factors (See The Psychic Aeon below) 

The soul is both the conscious mind and the memory of a person. It is in this realm of the soul that ideas first take form.

The psychical realm is a mental feeling plane and must have its base of activity, therefore the body is this base of activity

the same word occurs in 1Cor 2:14: 

  

1Co 2:14  But the natural <5591> man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God: for they are foolishness unto him: neither can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned.

1Co 2:14  But, a man of the soul, doth not welcome the things of the Spirit of God, for they are foolishness unto him, and he cannot get to know them, because, spiritually, are they examined; (Rotherham’s Emphasized Bible)

"natural," that is, living on the level of instincts, not on a spiritual level

The word natural in 1Co 2:14 stands opposed evidently to spiritual.  It denotes those who are governed and influenced by the natural instincts; the animal passions and desires, in opposition to those who are influenced by the Spirit of God.

Natural.--That is, literally, that part of our nature which we call "mind," and hence signifies that man in whom pure intellectual reason and the merely natural affections predominate.

Jas 3:15  This wisdom descendeth not from above, but is earthly, sensual <5591>, devilish.

Jas 3:15  This wisdom is not one, from above, coming down, but is earthly, born of the soul, demoniacal! (Rotherham’s Emphasized Bible)

Here in James 3:15 we get a glimpse into the Psychical Realm it is not of God or in heaven but is of the natural or the outward senses. It is from beneath (cp. 1 Cor. 15:43), and not of God (see James 1:17). The emanation of the flesh, governed by its emotions (Rom.7:5), and not properly disciplined by the divine wisdom.

It is a wisdom from beneath, It is dusty, pyschical, and demoniacal. It is dusty, or of the earth, because it is the vain speculation of the groundling; it is psychical, because it has no higher origin than the thinking of the soul flesh, or body of this death; and it is demoniacal, because it is that thinking of the flesh which begets many works of wrath, anger, envy, malice, hatred, slander, contempt and war, lying and evil counsels, sorrows and pleasures, basenesses and defilements, falsehoods and diseases

Philo of Alexandria: Now the female offspring of the soul are wickedness and passion, by which we are made effeminate in every one of our pursuits; but a healthy state of the passions and virtue is male, by which we are excited and invigorated.

Jude 1:19  These be they who separate themselves, sensual <5591>, having not the Spirit.

Jude 1:19  These, are they who make complete separation, mere men of soul, Spirit, not possessing. (Rotherham’s Emphasized Bible)

Jude 1:19 These are the ones who cause divisions, worldly-minded, devoid of the Spirit. 

They were moved by the motions of sin found in the flesh; so the flesh governed their thinking and actions (Rom. 7:5; 8:5-6)

the word psuchikos is used in the apocrypha LXX 2 Maccabees 4:37; 2 Maccabees 14:24. heartily, from the heart, in the 4th book of Maccabees the word psuchikos is translated mental when referring to desires, desires that springs from the mental and emotional impulses

4 Maccabees 1:32

Some desires are mental, others are physical, and reason obviously rules over both.  (New Revised Standard Version (NRSV)

and of desires some relate to the soul and others to the body reason obviously holds sway (4 Maccabees, H. Anderson, OTP)

32 Some desires come from the inner person, and others come from the body. Clear thinking obviously has control over both. (4 Maccabees 1 Common English Bible CEB)

The Psychic Aeon 

What is the Psychic Realm or aeon?

According to the Concept of Our Great Power, from the Nag Hammadi Library, the Psychic Realm is identical with the existing world that we live in:

This is the work that came into being. See what it is like, that before it comes into being it does not see, because the aeon of the flesh came to be in the great bodies. And there were apportioned to them long days in the creation. For when they had polluted themselves and had entered into the flesh, the father of the flesh, the water, avenged himself. For when he had found that Noah was pious (and) worthy - and it is the father of the flesh who holds the angels in subjection. And he (Noah) preached piety for one hundred and twenty years. And no one listened to him. And he made a wooden ark, and whom he had found entered it. And the flood took place.

And thus Noah was saved with his sons. For if indeed the ark had not been meant for man to enter, then the water of the flood would not have come. In this way he intended (and) planned to save the gods and the angels, and the powers, the greatness of all of these, and the <nourishment> and the way of life. And he moves them from the aeon (and) nourishes them in the permanent places. And the judgment of the flesh was unleashed. Only the work of the Power stood up.

Next the psychic aeon. It is a small one, which is mixed with bodies, by begetting in the souls (and) defiling (them). For the first defilement of the creation found strength. And it begot every work: many works of wrath, anger, envy, malice, hatred, slander, contempt and war, lying and evil counsels, sorrows and pleasures, basenesses and defilements, falsehoods and diseases, evil judgments that they decree according to their desires.

Yet you are sleeping, dreaming dreams. Wake up and return, taste and eat the true food! Hand out the word and the water of life! Cease from the evil lusts and desires and (the teachings of) the Anomoeans, evil heresies that have no basis.

And the mother of the fire was impotent. She brought the fire upon the soul and the earth, and she burned all <the> dwellings that are in it. And its shepherd perished. Moreover, when she does not find anything else to burn, she will destroy herself. And it will become incorporeal, without body, and it will burn matter, until it has cleansed everything, - and all wickedness. For when it does not find anything else to burn, it will turn against itself until it has destroyed itself.

Then, in this aeon, which is the psychic one, the man will come into being who knows the great Power. He will receive (me) and he will know me. He will drink from the milk of the mother, in fact. He will speak in parables; he will proclaim the aeon that is to come, just as he spoke in the first aeon of the flesh, as Noah. Now concerning his words, which he uttered, he spoke in all of them, in seventy-two tongues. And he opened the gates of the heavens with his words. And he put to shame the ruler of Hades; he raised the dead, and he destroyed his dominion.

The soul-endowed aeon is the human race after the flood. This aeon will remain in place until the final consummation. That aeon is a colletive noun here is indicated by the fact that the soul-endowed aeon singular has congress with bodies" plural the soul-endowed differs from the fleshly in that souls with which it is endowed are eligible for eternal life

The word soul is sometimes used collectively for a group of people in some parts of the Bible Genesis 14:21 Genesis 23:8 Jeremiah 48:6

Genesis 14:21 After that the king of Sodom said to Abram: “Give me the souls, but take the goods for yourself.” 

The souls,” (Hebrew., han·ne´phesh, singular. but used collectively)

 

23:7 Thereupon Abraham got up and bowed down to the natives, to the sons of Heth, 

8 and spoke with them, saying: “If YOUR souls agree to bury my dead out of my sight, listen to me and urge Ephron the son of Zohar for me, 

9 that he may give me the cave of Mach·pe´lah, which is his, which is at the extremity of his field. For the full amount of silver let him give it to me in the midst of YOU for the possession of a burial place.” (Genesis 23:7-9 NWT)　

NWT Footnote: Lit., "with your soul," used collectively. Heb., 'eth-naph·shekhem´; Gr., psy·khei´.

Gen 23:8  and spoke to them, saying, If it be your will that I should bury my dead from before me, hear me, and entreat for me Ephron the son of Zohar, (Derby)

Gen 23:8  And said to them: If it please your soul that I should bury my dead, hear me, and intercede for me to Ephron the son of Seor. ()

Gen 23:8  and he speaketh with them, saying, ‘If it is your desire to bury my dead from before me, hear me, and meet for me with Ephron, son of Zoar; (Youngs)

KJV translates nephesh (H5315) as "mind" here!

Gen 23:8  And he communed with them, saying it be your mind (H5315) that I should bury my dead out of my sight; me, and intreat for me to Ephron

The phrase "If it be your will" (Derby) or "you are willing" (NIV) indicates "will" is also involved in this translation of nephesh:

"If you are willing to let me bury my dead." - Gen. 23:8 - NIV; NEB

So the noun soul can be used collectively for a group of people this agrees with the understand the psychic aeon in the The Concept of Our Great Power

Then, in this aeon, which is the psychic one,

The psychic aeon is a collective noun

The aeon is the totality of the persons who live during the time 

see Mental Perception for an understanding of the psychic aeon. It is a small one

Next the psychic aeon. It is a small one, which is mixed with bodies, by begetting in the souls (and) defiling (them). For the first defilement of the creation found strength. And it begot every work: many works of wrath, anger, envy, malice, hatred, slander, contempt and war, lying and evil counsels, sorrows and pleasures, basenesses and defilements, falsehoods and diseases, evil judgments that they decree according to their desires. (The Concept of Our Great Power, The Nag Hammadi Library)

 which is mixed with bodies, by begetting in the souls (and) defiling (them). For the first defilement of the creation found strength

this is not to be understood literally as natural human offsprings rather it is sin conceiving remember the questions from the letter of James 3:15 and Philo of Alexandria above 

Jas 3:15  This wisdom is not one, from above, coming down, but is earthly, born of the soul, demoniacal! (Rotherham’s Emphasized Bible)

Philo of Alexandria: Now the female offspring of the soul are wickedness and passion, by which we are made effeminate in every one of our pursuits; but a healthy state of the passions and virtue is male, by which we are excited and invigorated.

Psalm 7:14, ESV: Behold, the wicked man conceives evil and is pregnant with mischief and gives birth to lies.

The ancient text "The Concept of Our Great Power" from The Nag Hammadi Library paints a vivid picture of this psychic aeon. It emerges as a realm where the first tendrils of defilement found strength, birthing a multitude of works – works that spring from the tainted well of wrath, anger, envy, malice, and other divisive forces. This aeon, a collective noun encompassing generations, finds itself entwined with the physical realm, begetting in souls a defilement that taints the very essence of their being. The image is stark – a creation marred by the shadow of its own potential, a creation led astray by the siren calls of desires and self-serving judgments.

Yet, this concept of defilement is not to be taken as a literal offspring, but rather as sin's insidious conception. Just as James 3:15 suggests, there exists a wisdom born not from above but from the earthly, a wisdom that carries the imprint of the soul's defilement. In this light, the words of Philo of Alexandria resonate, describing the offspring of the soul as wickedness and passion. Here, wickedness conceives mischief, and lies are birthed – a poignant echo of Psalm 7:14.

The psychic aeon, a collective age, stands as a testament to the human condition. It reflects the perpetual struggle between the higher virtues that elevate humanity and the base impulses that tarnish the soul. This aeon, entwined with bodies, finds itself at the crossroads of potential, poised between the currents of defilement and the yearning for redemption.

The Psychic Heaven

The psychic heaven, i.e. the realm of the heavenly bodies, or the hebdomad the beings of the psychic realm, which rule the seven heavens, are reflections of their archetypes in the Pleroma

The spiritual substance is a single thing and a single representation, and its weakness is the determination in many forms. As for the substance of the psychics, its determination is double, since it has the knowledge and the confession of the exalted one, and it is not inclined to evil, because of the inclination of the thought. As for the material substance, its way is different and in many forms, and it was a weakness which existed in many types of inclination. (The Tripartite Tractate)

the images of the Pleroma which have been emitted in fact constitute this sphere. in which the aeon-logos resides and from which he creates and supervises the visible world

In Philo’s writings, the Logos is not only the pattern according to which the world was created (ἀρχέτυπος, παράδειγμα) or place (τόπος) for the Ideas, but also an instrument (ὄργανον) through which (δι’ οὗ) God created the world. The Logos also functioned as a cutter (τομεύς) that divided matter and shaped the cosmic elements (earth, water, air and water) out of it. (Opif. 25; Her. 140. See Runia, Philo of Alexandria, 446-451)

47 Now the Saviour became the first universal creator. “But Wisdom,” the second, “built a house for herself and hewed out seven pillars” and first of all she put forth a god, the image of the Father, and through him she made heaven and earth, that is “heavenly things, and the earthly” – the things on the right hand and on the left. This, as an image of the Father, then became a father and put forth first the psychic Christ, an image of the Son, then the archangels as images of the Aeons, then the angels of the archangels from the psychic and luminous substance to which the prophetic word refers, “And the Spirit of God was superimposed upon the waters,” declaring that in the combination of the two substances, made for him, the simple was superimposed but the heavy and material substance is borne under, the thick and coarse. But it is even suggested that this was incorporeal in the beginning when it is called “invisible.” Yet it was never invisible to any man that ever lived nor to God, for he made it. But he has somehow declared its absence of form, shape and design. (Extracts from the Works of Theodotus)

However, the psychic essence is not associated with Sophia’s will to turn back but it is simply presupposed as a luminous essence out of which the essences of the angels and the heavenly lights were made.

according to which the Savior is the “first creator” who delegated the final task of creation to Sophia and the Demiurge, who finally shaped the psychic heaven and material earth out of pre-cosmic matter (Gen. 1:1). It is notable that Heracleon also interpreted “all things” in John 1:3 to be a reference to “the cosmos and its contents” (Orig. Comm. Joh. 2.14).

the psychic heaven, i.e. the realm of the heavenly bodies, was ruled by the psychic “intellects,” who had their archetypes in the Pleroma

The Savior bestowed upon matter the capability of forming into two essences (hylic and psychic essences) and the elements of the world (earth, water, air and fire). The Savior left matter in a confused stage to be separated by the Demiurge into structures and bodies.

Hebdomad this is the domain of angelic manifestations and therefore the realm of archetypes, thrones and powers

Moreover, he says, the psychic substance is of a fiery nature, and they call it [Middle] Space and Hebdomad and Ancient of Days. And whatever other statements of this kind they make concerning this [space], they [in reality] refer to the [cosmic] psychic substance, which they declare to be the fabricative power of the [physical] world. And it is of a fiery nature. Moses also, says the writer, declares, 'The Lord, thy God, is fire burning and consuming,' for thus he would have it written." (Frangements of a Faith Forgotten)

the Psychic Realm is the Intermediate place called the Middle or the firmament, the hebdomad

"According to this, then, the soul [that is, the psychic substance] is partly mortal [and partly immortal], being as it were a kind of mean. (It is [both] the Hebdomad [the sublunary space] and [also] the means of bringing the Hebdomad to an end.) For it is below the Ogdoad [the mind or spirit-substance]--where is Wisdom, the day of perfect forms [that is, the sun-space], and the Common Fruit of the Pleroma--but above the hylic matter [the earth-space], of which it is the fashioner [or demiurgic power]. If then the soul is made like unto the things above, it becomes immortal, and entereth into the Ogdoad; which is, he says, the Jerusalem above the heavens; whereas if it be made like to matter, that is to say the material passions, then it is destructible and perishes." (Frangements of a Faith Forgotten)

there are many realms or worlds astronomical and physical worlds, worlds of thought, spiritual worlds and so on in every one of them the Father is all in all.

the material world knowable by the senses, the invisible world of angels and the divine world of Reality

The spiritual is the realm of absolute principles; the psychical is the realm of thought images; the physical is the realm of manifestation. The well-balanced, thoroughly developed man, of which Jesus is the type, comprehends and consciously adjusts his spirit, soul, and body as a whole, and thereby fulfills the law of his being. Those who are on the way to this attainment have various experiences, which are symbolically set forth in the Scriptures.

The soul touches both the higher realm of the pleroma, from which it receives direct inspiration, and the external world, from which it receives impressions. But as man brings into expression the original image and likeness of the divine mind his soul is purified and established in its primitive innocence.

food for the soul. The soul is fed by the divine mind, the true food for the soul is the Word of God. The Word of God when properly understood gives eternal life.

Psychic thoughts that connect the individual soul with the soul of the earth and the heavenly bodies. They are not spiritual, but shine by borrowed light.

the psychical realm of consciousness in man is the power of confusion

the psychical realm is deceptive for it is governed by the outward senses
the psychical realm lacks true spiritual discernment
the psychical realm is the domain of thought images